Dynamical system analysis of three-form field dark energy model with baryonic matter
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Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Dynamical system analysis of three-form field dark energy model with baryonic matter Soumya Chakrabortya , Sudip Mishrab , Subenoy Chakrabortyc Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, WB 700032, India
Received: 7 July 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract A cosmological model having matter field as (non) interacting dark energy (DE) and baryonic matter and minimally coupled to gravity is considered in the present work with flat FLRW space time. The DE is chosen in the form of a three-form field while radiation and dust (i.e; cold dark matter) are the baryonic part. The cosmic evolution is studied through dynamical system analysis of the autonomous system so formed from the evolution equations by suitable choice of the dimensionless variables. The stability of the non-hyperbolic critical points are examined by Center manifold theory and possible bifurcation scenarios have been examined. 1 Introduction The cosmologists for the last 2 decades are tirelessly searching for a theory which shows the present accelerated expansion of the universe as predicted by a series of observational results [1]. Cosmologists are not unanimous over this issue rather they have two distinct opinions – one group is in favour of standard cosmology and they introduce some exotic matter (known as DE having large negative pressure) to explain this accelerated expansion while the other group prefers some modified gravity theory instead of Einstein gravity and they speculate that the extra geometric terms may responsible for this accelerated expansion [2]. In the context of the opinion of the first group the best candidate so far for DE is the cosmological constant which is simple in nature and observationally most favourable. But unfortunately, it has two severe drawbacks namely cosmological constant problem and cosmic coincidence problem [3]. As a result, several dynamic DE models in the form of perfect fluid with variable equation of state parameter (of various forms) come into picture (namely quintessence, a e-mail:
tachyon, phantom [4] and chameleon [5,6] etc). Also some complicated fields namely spinors [7], vectors [8], higher order spin field and three-form field [9,10] are considered as DE (also one may refer [11–14] on the p-form and their stability properties, the three-form inflation and the center manifold). Also other positive aspects of the three-form fields in the context of cosmology are to obtain dynamically the latetime acceleration, to describe the phantom like behaviour [15] and to produce non-Gaussianities [16]. In the present work the three-form field is chosen as DE candidate. It has been shown that the dual of the threeform field is a scalar field which has an equivalence with K -inflation model [17] if the potential is non-quadratic in form. The present cosmological model contains this threeform field with (interacting, non-interacting) baryonic matter in the form of dust and radiation. Due to complicated form of the Einstein field Equa
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