Effect of a nutritional education intervention on breakfast consumption among preparatory school students in Egypt
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Effect of a nutritional education intervention on breakfast consumption among preparatory school students in Egypt Omnia S. Elseifi1 • Doaa M. Abdelrahman2 • Eman M. Mortada1,3 Received: 6 March 2020 / Revised: 8 July 2020 / Accepted: 14 July 2020 Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+) 2020
Abstract Objectives The current study evaluates the effect of nutritional education based on Pender’s health promotion model on breakfast consumption behavior among Egyptian school students. Methods A pre-posttest intervention study through a nutritional education message based on Pender’s health promotion model was carried on 244 preparatory school students. Data were collected using questionnaires and measuring weight, height and blood pressure before and after educational intervention was conducted to the intervention group. Results The educational intervention was having a significant positive effect on all components of the model in the intervention group, the mean breakfast consumption, frequency of non-skipping and healthy breakfast per week (p B 0.05). Overweight and obesity and higher blood pressure were significantly present among breakfast skippers. Conclusions The nutritional educational intervention based on Pender’s health promotion model was effective in increasing the frequency of healthy breakfast among the school students. There is a need to develop evidence-based policies, community, family, and school-based interventions to promote healthy lifestyle and nutritional behavior among adolescents for a better quality of life. Keywords Breakfast consumption Students Obesity Nutrition education Blood pressure Pender’s health promotion model
Introduction Obesity is a growing epidemic in school children and adolescence, which has been increased significantly over the past decade, with high burden especially in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (NCD-RisC 2017; GBD 2015
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-020-01439-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Omnia S. Elseifi [email protected] 1
Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City 44519, Egypt
2
Department of Pediatrics, Zagazig University, Zagazig City 44519, Egypt
3
Health Sciences Department, Health and Rehabilitation Sciences College, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
Eastern Mediterranean Region Obesity Collaborators 2018). In Egypt, many studies demonstrate the prevalence of overweight and obesity 11–20% in adolescent school students (Talat and El Shahat 2016; Hamed et al. 2019). Obesity has multiple underlying factors from which unhealthy food is considered as the most important one (Baygi et al. 2013). Breakfast has always been considered as the most important meal of the day and an indicator of a healthy lifestyle with its positive effect on physical and psychologic
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