Effect of Hollow Drum Rotational Speed Variation on the Productivity of Modified Solar Still According to Yekaterinburg
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Effect of Hollow Drum Rotational Speed Variation on the Productivity of Modified Solar Still According to Yekaterinburg City, Russia Naseer T. Alwana, b, S. E. Shchekleina, and Obed M. Alic, * aUral
Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, 620002 Russia b Kirkuk Technical College, Northern Technical University, Kirkuk, 36001 Iraq c Renewable Energy Research Unit, Northern Technical University, Kirkuk, 36001 Iraq *e-mail: [email protected] Received November 10, 2019; revised February 26, 2020; accepted May 19, 2020
Abstract—The limited productivity of conventional solar still is considered as the main obstacle that restricts their implementation. Hence the objective of the current study is to enhance the productivity of conventional solar still (CSS) by increasing the evaporation area using a rotating hollow drum. Many factors have been considered in the investigation of the enhanced solar still (ESS) productivity; including environmental factors and operation factors such as drum rotational speed. Three rotational speeds have been used in the experimental tests (0.5, 1, and 3 rpm) during three typical days 12, 13, and 14 June 2019. All tests done for 12 h from 8:00 am to 20:00 pm. Study results showed that the productivity enhanced by about 161% with 0.5 rpm, 111% with 1 rpm, and 75% with 3 rpm rotational speed compared to conventional solar still. Accordingly, the productivity increased with decreasing rotational speed and the maximum value obtained at the lower speed (0.5 rpm). Keywords: modified solar still, rotating hollow drum, rotational speed, saltwater, single slop, productivity DOI: 10.3103/S0003701X20040040
INTRODUCTION The process of desalination is the separation or removal of mineral components from saltwater. But after the desalination process of salty water in the big desalination plant, it will end up with about half of the salt-water will be converted into pure water. As for the remainder, it will be a highly concentrated saline solution that includes dangerous chemicals. If it is disposed of, the process will be costly, and if it is thrown into the sea it may lead to negative effects of marine organisms. But this consequence may come to an economic benefit by taking advantage of the saline solution as a source of precious metals as well as obtaining other elements such as uranium and salt [1, 2]. The freshwater scarcity is one of the important problems in the world which worsens with time, due to weather conditions changing. Therefore, an alternative source should be provided to meet the increasing freshwater demand. Different techniques have been suggested to produce freshwater using different energy sources; most of these sources are expensive and not available throughout the globe in comparison with renewable energy sources such as solar energy. The latter is the best solution to the problem of water scarcity in areas where solar energy is abundant to convert saltwater
into drinking water [3, 4]. Many methods have been used t
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