Effect of topography on the motion parameters and deposition characteristics of deflection-type rock avalanches using th
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effect of topography on the motion parameters and deposition characteristics of deflection-type rock avalanches using the discrete element method Yang Hailong 1 & Pei Xiangjun 1 & Fan Xiaoyi 2,3 Received: 14 August 2018 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract In this study, the deflection-type rock avalanches, a typical moving form of landslide in mountainous regions, were selected as the research object. Basing on the analysis of topography features of this type of rock avalanche, the discrete element method (DEM) was used to simulate the mass movement process of rock avalanche under different combinations of topographic factors for analyzing the effect of topography on rock avalanche. Sensitivity analysis for topography shows that the travel distance and the velocity difference are confined by the restraint of slope-toe and deflection effects. The slope inclination of deposition area and flow area are the most significant factors for the travel distance and velocity difference, respectively. In addition, a multivariate regression model was proposed to describe the relationship between motion parameters and main topographic factors. Regarding to the velocity distribution of granular particles inside granular body, the relationship between velocities of granular particles and deposit thickness follows a power law distribution under the different deposit width and length, but there are significant differences in power exponents. As for the granular particle distribution inside a deposit body, there is an obvious inversegrading structure of granular particles inside the deposit body due to the separation of granular particles in their movement. Keywords Deflection-type . Rock avalanches . Topographic factors . Sensitivity analysis . Motion parameters . Particle distribution
Introduction Avalanches (such as rock, pyroclastic, and snow avalanches) share many phenomenological features and pose similar
Responsible Editor: Amjad Kallel * Pei Xiangjun [email protected] * Fan Xiaoyi [email protected] Yang Hailong [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
2
Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
3
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
modeling, monitoring, and risk mitigation challenges in mountainous regions (Pudasaini and Hutter 2007). For rock avalanches, they refer to the extremely rapid, massive flowlike movements of fragmented rock formed by the disintegration of rock slides during motion down mountain slopes (Hungr et al. 2014). The related statistics show that rock avalanches occur frequently in the western part of China, for example, hundreds of rock avalanches triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake caused catastrophic consequences to local residents (Zhang and Yin 201
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