Effects of School-based Multicomponent Positive Psychology Interventions on Well-being and Distress in Adolescents: A Sy
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EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
Effects of School-based Multicomponent Positive Psychology Interventions on Well-being and Distress in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Claudia Tejada-Gallardo
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Ana Blasco-Belled
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Cristina Torrelles-Nadal
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Carles Alsinet
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Received: 8 April 2020 / Accepted: 9 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Multicomponent positive psychology interventions are increasing in the general population but the study of its effectiveness in adolescents is still scarce, especially in the school context. Previous meta-analyses have reported that multicomponent positive psychology interventions increase well-being and reduce distress outcomes. However, the results on these outcomes limit their samples to adult populations. The aim of the current systematic review and metaanalysis is to evaluate and compare the immediate but also long-lasting effects of school-based multicomponent positive psychology interventions aimed at increasing well-being indicators of mental health (i.e., subjective and psychological well-being) and reducing the most common psychological distress indicators (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) in adolescents. A total of 9 randomized and non-randomized controlled trials from the searched literature met inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The results showed small effects for subjective well-being (g = 0.24), psychological wellbeing (g = 0.25), and depression symptoms (g = 0.28). Removing low-quality studies led to a slight decrease in the effect sizes for subjective well-being and a considerable increase for psychological well-being and depression symptoms. The relevant moderation analyses had an effect on subjective well-being and depression symptoms. The present systematic review and meta-analysis found evidence for the efficacy of school-based multicomponent positive psychology interventions in improving mental health in the short and long-term. Small effects for subjective well-being, psychological well-being, and depression symptoms were identified. Effects for psychological well-being and depression symptoms remained significant over time. In light of our results, education policy-makers and practitioners are encouraged to include positive practices within the schools’ curriculum as effective and easily implemented tools that help to enhance adolescents’ mental health. Further research is needed in order to strengthen the findings about schoolbased multicomponent positive psychology interventions in adolescents. Keywords
Positive psychology Well-being Intervention Multicomponent School Meta-analysis ●
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Introduction Psychological research and practice have traditionally focused on the treatment of mental illness, ignoring aspects of well-being and positive functioning promotion (Chakhssi
* Claudia Tejada-Gallardo [email protected] 1
Universitat de Lleida Avinguda de l’estudi general, n° 4, 25001 Lleida, Spain
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et al. 2018). Adolescence is a cruci
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