Electrochemical conversion of pressurized CO 2 at simple silver-based cathodes in undivided cells: study of the effect o
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Electrochemical conversion of pressurized CO2 at simple silver‑based cathodes in undivided cells: study of the effect of pressure and other operative parameters Federica Proietto1 · François Berche1 · Alessandro Galia1 · Onofrio Scialdone1 Received: 6 July 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Electrochemical reduction of pressurized CO2 is proposed as an interesting approach to overcome the main hurdle of the CO2 electrochemical conversion in aqueous solution, its low solubility (ca. 0.033 M), and to achieve good faradaic efficiency in CO using simple sheet silver cathodes and undivided cells, thus lowering the overall costs of the process. The effect on the process of CO2 pressure (1–30 bar), current density, nature of the supporting electrolyte and other operative conditions, such as the surface of the cathode or the mixing rate, was studied to enhance the production of CO. It was shown that pressurized conditions allow to improve drastically the current efficiency of CO (CECO). Furthermore, at relatively high pressure (20 bars), the utilization of simple sheet silver cathodes and silver electrodes with high surfaces gave similar CECO. The stability of the system was monitored for 10 h; it was shown that at a relatively high pressure (15 bar) in aqueous electrolyte of KOH using a simple plate silver cathode a constant current efficiency of CO close to 70% was obtained.
* Onofrio Scialdone [email protected] 1
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
Graphic abstract
Keywords CO2 · Carbon monoxide · Pressure · Reduction · Silver
1 Introduction Nowadays, in a world struggling to curb the global warming, electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide could be considered one of the main strategies for both synthesis of chemicals and decrease of C O2 emissions [1–3]. Recently, Bushuyev et al. [4] have discussed the current state of emerging technologies for the catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide into various chemical products, keeping in consideration the economics of the process. They visualized at least six potentially disruptive CO2 catalytic conversion technologies (i.e. electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, biohybrid, nanoporous confinement, etc.), envisioning a timeline for their implementation on a large scale and reaching the conclusion that the closest technologies to commercialisation with start-up and entrenched companies (i.e. Opus-12, Dioxide Material, and Carbon Recycling International) are based on CO2 electrochemical conversion. More in general, the Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) technologies become more attractive as the renewable energy price continues to decline (getting to 2 ¢/kWh in some jurisdictions) and the process
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could utilize the excess electric energy from intermittent renewable sources to transform CO2 into carbon-based chemicals, storing electric energy in the form of chem
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