Enabling disaster-resilient communication using multi-hop device-to-device framework
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Enabling disaster-resilient communication using multi-hop device-to-device framework Mansi Peer1
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Vivek Ashok Bohara1 • Anand Srivastava1
Accepted: 12 October 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract With the occurrence of a disaster, the conventional cellular network becomes non-functional. To provide connectivity to the affected users in such a scenario, we propose a novel multi-hop device-to-device (D2D) communication framework to connect to an active base station (BS). The goal of the proposed work is to maximize the number of covered users in the disaster-affected area within a given time frame. Joint routing and scheduling is imperative in a multi-hop network; however, the existing works on joint routing and scheduling optimization consider that the source–destination (user–BS) pairs are known beforehand or fixed. This is an inefficient approach when maximizing the number of covered users in a time-bounded communication set-up. Consequently, we propose a novel multi-hop D2D framework with joint source– destination pairing, routing and scheduling optimization. The optimization problem is formulated as an integer linear programming (ILP) problem. Further, due to the high time complexity of ILP, a low complexity graph-based scheduling constraint aware routing and pairing algorithm is proposed, resulting in a significant reduction in processing time compared to the optimal solution. The proposed algorithm also outperforms shortest path routing based scheduling in terms of users covered in the disaster-affected area. Keywords Multi-hop D2D Disaster-resilient communication Joint source–destination pairing Coverage maximization
1 Introduction In the aftermath of a disaster, the worst-hit areas are the ones that require the most help. However, due to the traditional cellular network’s failure in the disaster-affected area, it is impossible for the rescue teams to disseminate important information to the local population and for the local population to contact the remotely located emergency control rooms. This disaster-affected area with no cellular network coverage is termed as the ‘‘dead spot’’. Consequently, there is a need to set-up a disaster-resilient communication network in the dead spot [1]. In order to cater & Mansi Peer [email protected] Vivek Ashok Bohara [email protected] Anand Srivastava [email protected] 1
Wirocomm Research Group, Department of ECE, IIIT-Delhi, New Delhi, India
for the above, Releases 13–15 of 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) propose a device-to-device (D2D) communication framework wherein a device which is out of cellular network coverage can be assisted by another nearby device (as a relay) to communicate with the cellular network [2]. D2D has also been identified as a key enabler for fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks [3, 4]. Further, recent studies have shown that multi-hop D2D is a viable technique for alleviating the damage caused to the cellular network by reinfo
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