Enhanced magnetic properties of amorphous FeGaN film growth by plasma assisted pulsed laser deposition
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Enhanced magnetic properties of amorphous FeGaN film growth by plasma assisted pulsed laser deposition Duo Cao1 · Qi Zou2 · Wangzhou Shi2 · Yi Zhang1 Received: 22 February 2020 / Accepted: 2 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The amorphous N-doped FeGa film were successfully deposited on Si (001) substrate using N2-plasma assisted pulsed laser deposition system at different temperatures. The enlarged saturation magnetization of FeGaN film has been investigated, which is higher than pure FeGa film under the same preparation condition. The optimal saturation magnetization of FeGaN film can reach up to 300 emu/cc, which also can be tuned by controlling the N2 flux during the deposition process. With the increase of deposition temperature, the antiferromagnetic, ferromagnetic and paramagnetic characters have also appeared respectively. The reason can be attributed to the change of the short-range order of lattice structure of FeGaN. Keywords Galfenol · Amorphous film · Metal nitride · Magnetism · Magnetic materials · Magnetostriction
1 Introduction The research and development in material science is a powerful impetus, which drives scientists to acquire knowledge and apply it to achieving results. Galfenol (FeGa alloy) thin film is an exciting material that has large magnetostriction constant [1–3]. Compared with traditional magnetostrictive materials, such as TbDyFe [4] and cobalt ferrite [5], FeGa has excellent soft magnetic properties and metallic ductility, which is more beneficial to fabricate mechanical and magnetic sensors [5, 6]. The latest research of FeGa films mainly focus on two aspects: (1) the optimization of magnetostriction character and other fundamental magnetic properties [7–9]; (2) some potential applications of FeGa on microwave technology, magnetoelectric coupling, mechanical sensor and so on [10–13]. Normally, rare earth elements were used to dope the FeGa alloy to improve the Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03874-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yi Zhang [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Device, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, People’s Republic of China
Mathematics and Science College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, People’s Republic of China
2
magnetostrictive properties [14, 15]. It also has been found that FeGaNi [16] can optimize soft magnetic properties of FeGa [17] and FeGaB can change the structure of FeGa films from the polycrystalline to amorphous phase [18]. In the current research, we will find that most of the research only pays attention to the above two aspects, but there are few reports on improving the saturation magnetization (Ms) of FeGa film. As we known, FeCo alloy has a bigger M s (Fe0.65Co0.35, ~ 2.45 T) value than pure Fe, so doping cobalt into FeGa alloy might be an effective method [19, 20]. Nevertheless, FeCo alloy has a larger m
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