Entropy analysis for the peristaltic flow of third grade fluid with variable thermal conductivity
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Entropy analysis for the peristaltic flow of third grade fluid with variable thermal conductivity Tasawar Hayat1,2 , Sadaf Nawaz1,a , Ahmed Alsaedi2 , Bashir Ahmad2 1 Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan 2 Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics,
Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia Received: 2 March 2020 / Accepted: 27 April 2020 © Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Recently there is a need to enhance the cooling capabilities required in many industrial applications. Therefore it is important to know the factors for system’s disorderliness. This work is based on the study of entropy analysis in fluid transport phenomenon by peristalsis. Mixed convective flow in compliant wall channel is considered. Here third grade fluid is considered. Effect of gravity is also encountered. Magnetohydrodynamic and Joule heating are part of flow modeling. Energy equation is addressed subject to viscous dissipation and variable thermal conductivity. Resulting system is solved with the help of NDSolve command in Mathematica. Proper attention is given to the study of velocity, temperature and entropy analysis. This analysis is carried out via graphical results for different embedded parameters. Graphs for heat transfer coefficient are also plotted and analyzed.
1 Introduction Peristaltic activity is useful for fluid transport in the human body and engineering processes. This word comes from the Greek word peristaltikos which means contracting and compressing. This activity is the inherent property of muscles. In human body all the transport of fluid and mineral is carried out by this phenomenon. It consists of series of waves-like muscles contractions which carried the material onward. Food swallowing process is due to peristalsis. The wave like motion of smooth muscle carried this food to stomach, where in turned into the semi-solid food called chyme. Then peristalsis occurred in small intestine where it mixes and shifts the chyme back and forth, nutrients are absorbed here into the bloodstream via small intestine walls. Peristalsis then occurred in large intestine where water is absorbed into bloodstream from the undigested food and then waste materials are exerted from the body via rectum and anus. Besides these it is involved in the blood vessels, sperm ejaculation from testicles to urethra, fallopian tube etc. In industrial applications the peristalsis is applied to hose pumps, finger and roller pumps etc. Such involvement of peristalsis persuaded the researchers and mathematicians to work in this field. Latham [1] initially started to work on peristalsis by considering viscous fluid. Subsequently Shapiro et al. [2] carried out this analysis in view of lubrication approach. This approach is valid for the peristaltic flow in humans where wavelength is long enough in comparison with the width of channel. Kumar
a e-mail: sadafnawaz26@gma
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