Euthanasia in the Netherlands The Policy and Practice of Mercy Killi
The Dutch experience has influenced the debate on euthanasia and death with dignity around the globe, especially with regard to whether physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia should be legitimized or legalized. A review of the literature reveals comple
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INTERNATIONAL LIBRARY OF ETHICS, LAW, AND THE NEW MEDICINE Founding Editors DAVID C. THOMASMA† DAVID N. WEISSTUB, Université de Montréal, Canada THOMASINE KIMBROUGH KUSHNER, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A.
Editor DAVID N. WEISSTUB, Université de Montréal, Canada
Editorial Board TERRY CARNEY, University of Sydney, Australia MARCUS DÜWELL, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands SØREN HOLM, Univers ity of Cardiff, Wales,United Kingdom GERRIT K. KIMSMA, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands DAVID NOVAK, University of Toronto, Canada EDMUND D. PELLEGRINO, Georgetown University, Washington D.C., U.S.A. DOM RENZO PEGORARO, Fondazione Lanza and University of Padua, Italy DANIEL P. SULMASY, Saint Vincent Catholic Medical Centers, New York, U.S.A. LAWRENCE TANCREDI, New York University, New York, U.S.A.
VOLUME 20
The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.
EUTHANASIA IN THE NETHERLANDS The Policy and Practice of Mercy Killing
by
Raphael Cohen-Almagor University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS NEW YORK, BOSTON, DORDRECHT, LONDON, MOSCOW
eBook ISBN: Print ISBN:
1-4020-2251-4 1-4020-2250-6
©2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. Print ©2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht All rights reserved No part of this eBook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without written consent from the Publisher Created in the United States of America Visit Springer's eBookstore at: and the Springer Global Website Online at:
http://ebooks.kluweronline.com http://www.springeronline.com
In Memory of my thoughtful and learned mentor Geoffrey Marshall April 22, 1929 – June 24, 2003 Cherishing his unfailing support And his infinite wisdom
TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments
ix
Introduction
xi
Preliminaries: Comparative Law
1
PART A: BACKGROUND Chapter 1: The Three Research Reports of 1990, 1995 and 2001, and Their Interpretations Chapter 2: The Practice of Euthanasia and the Legal Framework
23 35
PART B: FIELDWORK Chapter 3: The Methodology
51 53
PHASE I: THE INTERVIEWS
Chapter 4: Chapter 5: Chapter 6: Chapter 7: Chapter 8: Chapter 9: Chapter 10: Chapter 11:
Why the Netherlands? Views on the Practice of Euthanasia Worrisome Data The Remmelink Contention and the British Criticism Should Physicians Suggest Euthanasia to Their Patients? Breaches of the Guidelines On Palliative Care and the Dutch Culture On Legislation and the Chabot Case
PHASE II: INTERVIEWEES’ GENERAL COMMENTS
a. Preliminaries b. General Comments PHASE III: UPDATES
a. b. c. d.
Preliminaries On the New Act On the Work of the Regional Committees Further Concerns
21
57 57 65 75 85 91 103 123 133 145 145 145 153 153 153 161 164
PART C: CONCLUSION a. Preliminaries b. Suggestions for Improvement
173 175 179
Appendix I: Interviews in the Netherlands (Summer 1999) Appendix II: Interviews and Telephone Conversations in the Netherlands (Summer 2001) Appendix III: Interviews in the Netherlands (April 2002
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