Evaluation of Mechanical Adaptation on Preoperative Planning for Total Hip Arthroplasty
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International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-020-00390-0
REGULAR PAPER
Evaluation of Mechanical Adaptation on Preoperative Planning for Total Hip Arthroplasty Ji Yean Kwon1 · Sung Min Kim1,2 · Masao Tanaka3 Received: 23 July 2019 / Revised: 2 March 2020 / Accepted: 22 July 2020 © Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2020
Abstract Bone structure can change by remodeling to adapt to mechanical status. Such change can result in bone affecting the longterm stability of the stem. The objective of this study was to propose a method to evaluate mechanical adaptation for preoperative planning of total hip arthroplasty. Finite element models of preoperative planning were examined in two ways: bone remodeling simulation and initial mechanical status of femur. A mathematical model of remodeling for long-term changes of bone was developed assuming that bone resorption/formation could be distinguished by strain magnitude of bone. Also, initial compatibility between stem and bone was set with four strain levels based on mechanostat theory. The results of bone remodeling simulation were shown average equivalent stress change was mainly observed in Gruen zone 1 and zone 7 where stress shielding or bone resorption could occur. The proportion of this value was the smallest in the first choice of the stem by a specialist surgeon. Also, these are showed same tendency with evaluation of initial strain distribution results that Gruen zone 1 and 7. Initial strain distribution after total hip arthroplasty was correlated with the long-term change of bone structures after total hip arthroplasty. Bone structure changes around prostheses occur due to changes in the mechanical environment, and this is correlated with strain distribution of immediate post-operative model. Findings of this study suggest that biomechanical indices might be useful for exploring difference in long-term fitting among different surgical plans. Keywords Total hip arthroplasty · Preoperative planning · Mechanical evaluation index · Finite element analysis · Bone remodeling
1 Introduction
* Ji Yean Kwon [email protected] Sung Min Kim [email protected] Masao Tanaka [email protected]‑u.ac.jp 1
Department of Medical Device Industry, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk‑ro, Ilsandong‑gu, Goyang‑si, Gyeonggi‑do 10326, Korea
2
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk‑ro, Ilsandong‑gu, Goyang‑si, Gyeonggi‑do 10326, Korea
3
Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Osaka University, 1‑3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560‑8531, Japan
Bone is a living tissue that is maintained by remodeling phenomenon with repeated cycle of bone formation and resorption. It is well known that the balance of its cycle affects the quality of bone. Bone resorbing osteoclast and bone forming osteoblast are linked to osteocyte activation [1, 2] According to recent findings, osteocyte might play a role in mechanical regulation of bone, receiving mechanical input signals and transmitting these stimuli
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