Exercise-induced recovery of plasma lipids perturbed by ageing with nanoflow UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS
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RESEARCH PAPER
Exercise-induced recovery of plasma lipids perturbed by ageing with nanoflow UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS Kang Uk Kim 1 & Kyeong Jin Yoon 2 & Suhong Park 2 & Jong Cheol Lee 1 & Hyo Youl Moon 2,3,4 & Myeong Hee Moon 1 Received: 24 July 2020 / Revised: 26 August 2020 / Accepted: 31 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Daily physical exercise is an essential part of life and is required for remaining healthy; it enhances therapeutic efficacy in the elderly and prevents age-related diseases associated with lipid profile alterations, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and dementia. To more efficiently analyse the lipid profiles and unveil the effect of exercise in aged mice, we optimized our study by examining the effects of using ionization modifiers in the mobile phase and in-source fragmentation of lysophospholipids on the simultaneous analysis of fatty acids (FAs) including hydroxyl fatty acids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and glycerolipids using nanoflow ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry. We applied the optimization to investigate the lipidomic plasma alterations in young (7 weeks old) and aged (84 weeks old) mice (C57BL/6) subjected to treadmill exercise. Of the 390 identified lipid species, 159 were quantified to investigate ageing-related lipid species responsive to physical exercise. In particular, circulating lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine levels showed a significant decrease, and lysophosphatidic acid showed a simultaneous increase with ageing. The saturated FA (16:0 and 18:0) increased with ageing while the unsaturated FA 22:6 decreased. Dihydroxy fatty acid (18:1_2OH) showed an exercise-induced recovery against ageing. It is notable that the levels of five triacylglycerol species significantly increased by as much as threefold with ageing, but their levels largely recovered to those observed in the young mice after exercise. These findings can help understand the influence of ageing on lipid perturbation and the role of physical exercise on lipidomic recovery in response to ageing-associated loss of physical status.
Keywords Plasma lipids . Physical exercise . Ageing effect . Mouse . nUHPLC-ESI-MS/MS Abbreviations AF
Ammonium formate
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-02933-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hyo Youl Moon [email protected] * Myeong Hee Moon [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
2
Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
3
Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
4
Institute on Ageing, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
AH ANOVA BEH BPC Cer CID CL CVD DG DHFA EIC FA GC-MS GL GPL HexCer HFA IS ISF
Ammonium hydroxide Analysis o
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