First report of Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2 IV causing large patch disease of Japanese lawn grass in India
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First report of Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2 IV causing large patch disease of Japanese lawn grass in India Arghya Banerjee 1 & Saidul Islam 2 & Koushik Banerjee 3 & Debashis Rana 1 & Krishna Ray 1 & Malay Kumar Samanta 4 & Birendranath Panja 1 & Partha Sarathi Nath 1 Received: 20 March 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 # Società Italiana di Patologia Vegetale (S.I.Pa.V.) 2020
Keywords Rhizoctonia solani . Anastomosis group . Warm season turf grass . Fluorescence microscopy . India
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-020-00634-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
sequenced (GenBank Accession No. MN809147) and showed a 99.17% similarity to an existing sequence of AG-2-2 IV in GenBank (AB911322). From morphology, anastomosis reaction, and sequence of rDNA-ITS region, the isolate was identified as R. solani AG-2-2 IV. For pathogenicity tests, healthy four week-old Japanese lawn grass plants were dug up from field and transferred to three plastic pots filled with autoclaved sandy-loam soil. Mycelia of R. solani AG-2-2 IV, obtained from potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates were rubbed over the grass surface after cutting the grass with a pair of sterilized scissors to a height of 1 cm and placed in a growth chamber and incubated at 15 to 20 °C with 100% relative humidity for one week. Three control pots were maintained under the same condition by only rubbing with PDA. After 3 days post inoculation, initial water-soaked light brown lesions were noticed on the inoculated leaves. Rhizoctonia solani, recovered from the symptomatic grass tissue, was also subjected to PCR and sequencing to confirm AG. Symptoms were not observed on control plants. Both R. solani AG-2-2 IIIB and AG-2-2 LP were reported as causal pathogens of large or brown patch disease on turf grass in Japan previously (Hyakumachi et al. 1998). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2 IV causing large patch disease on Japanese lawn grass in India.
* Arghya Banerjee [email protected]
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During mid-September in 2019, when warm-season turf grasses are entering winter dormancy, severe circular light brown patches were observed on Japanese lawn grass (Zoysia japonica), located at Nadia Krishi Vigyan Kendra (22°58’N; 88°29′E), Gayeshpur, West Bengal, India. The associated fungus isolated from affected leaf and sheath pieces presenting initial symptoms was identified as Rhizoctonia spp. based on the distinct right-angle branching pattern, the constriction of hyphae near the point of origin, distal septum, and sparse sclerotia (Misawa et al. 2015) (Supplementary Fig.1). Hyphal fusion tests were made with each of five tester isolates (AG-2-1, AG-2-2 IIIB, AG-2-2 IV, AG-3, and AG-4). The isolate anastomosed with the tester isolates of AG-2-2 IIIB and AG-2-2 IV with a high frequency, and with the AG-2-1 tester isolate with low frequency. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) r
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