Foams
This chapter deals with polypropylene foams and consist out of 3 parts. Firstly—for a better understanding—the basics of foaming are described. This includes the fundamental physical processes of diffusion, nucleation and cell growth. Furthermore, materia
- PDF / 2,327,466 Bytes
- 63 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 84 Downloads / 224 Views
Foams Tobias Standau and Volker Altstädt
Contents 10.1 Introduction—Basics of Foaming ................................................................................... 10.1.1 Market Situation ................................................................................................. 10.1.2 Basics of Foaming.............................................................................................. 10.1.3 Foam Morphology and Cell Types .................................................................... 10.1.4 Foam Relevant Properties .................................................................................. 10.1.5 Blowing Agents .................................................................................................. 10.2 Foam Processing.............................................................................................................. 10.2.1 Batch Processes .................................................................................................. 10.2.2 Foam Extrusion .................................................................................................. 10.2.3 Bead Foaming..................................................................................................... 10.2.4 Foam Injection Molding..................................................................................... 10.2.5 Other Methods .................................................................................................... 10.3 PP Foams and Additives ................................................................................................. 10.3.1 Temperature-Insensitive Additives ..................................................................... 10.3.2 Temperature-Sensitive Additives........................................................................ References ..................................................................................................................................
580 580 580 586 587 591 593 593 595 601 613 621 623 623 630 634
Abstract This chapter deals with polypropylene foams and consist out of 3 parts. Firstly—for a better understanding—the basics of foaming are described. This includes the fundamental physical processes of diffusion, nucleation and cell growth. Furthermore, material properties which are relevant for foaming are explained and typical blowing agents (physical and chemical) are introduced. Secondly, the foaming processes for polypropylene are summarized, beginning with the so-called batch foaming which is mostly relevant for scientific research. More industrial relevant processes for foaming PP are foam extrusion, foam T. Standau V. Altstädt (&) Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany e-mail: [email protected] URL: https://www.polymer-engineering.de; https://www.nmbgmbh.de V. Altstädt Neue Materialien Bayreuth GmbH, Gottlieb-Keim-Straße 60, 95448 Bayreuth, Germany © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 J. Karger-Kocsis and T. Bárány (eds.), Po
Data Loading...
