Galaxies and Cosmology
Cosmology is the study of nature on the grandest scale we know: that of the universe itself. This successful and class-tested textbook covers all the essentials: galaxies, their formation, morphology, dynamics, stellar and gaseous structure, and interacti
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I. Appenzeller · G. Bömer · M. Harwit · R. Kippenhahn P. A. Strittmatter · V. Trimble
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
LIBRARY Series Editors:
ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSfCS IJBRARY I. Appenzeller · G. Börner · M. Harwit · R. Kippenhahn P. A. Strittmatter · V. Trimble Theory of Orbits (2 volumes) Volume 1: Integrable Systemsand Non-perturbative Methods By D. Boccaletti and G. Pucacco Galaxies and Cosmology By F. Combes, P. Boisse, A. Mazure and A. Blanchard The Solar System By T. Encrenaz and J.-P. Bibring Astrophysical Concepts
2nd Edition
By M. Harwit
Physics and Chemistry of Comets Editor: W. F. Huebner Stellar Structure and Evolution By R. Kippenhahn and A. Weigert Modern Astrometry By J. Kovalevsky Observational Astrophysics By P. Lena Astrophysics ofNeutron Stars
By V M. Lipunov
Supernovae Editor: A. Petschek General Relativity, Astrophysics, and Cosmology By A. K. Raychaudhuri, S. Banerji and A. Banerjee Tools of Radio Astronomy By K. Rohlfs Atoms in Strong Magnetic Fields Quantum Mechanical Treatment and Applications in Astrophysics and Quantum Chaos By H. Ruder, G. Wunner, H. Herold and F. Geyer The Stars By E. L. Schatzman and F. Praderie Physics of the Galaxy and Interstellar Matter By H. Schefflerand H. Elsässer GravitationalLe nses By P. Schneider, J. Ehlers and E. E. Falco Relativity in Astrometry, Celestial Mechanics and Geodesy By M. H. Soffel The Sun An Introduction By M. Stix Galactic and Extragalactic Radio Astronomy 2nd Edition Editors: G. L. Verschuur and K.l. Kellermann Reflecting Telescope Optics (2 volumes) ByR. Wilson
F. Combes P. Baisse A. Mazure A. Blanchard
Galaxies and Cosmology Translated by M. Seymour With 192 Figures
~Springer
Fran~oise Combes DEMIRM - Observatoire de Paris 61 Av. de I'Observatoire F-75014 Paris, France
Alain Blanchard Observatoire de Strasbourg 11 Rue de I'Universite F-67000 Strasbourg, France
Patrick Boisse Ecole Normale Superieure 24 Rue Lhomond F-75231 Paris Cedex 5, France
Alain Mazure GRAAL, Universite de Montpellier II F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
Translator: Mark Seymour Department of Logic and Metaphysics University of St Andrews St Andrews, Fife KY16 9AL United Kingdom
Series Editors Immo Appenzeller
Rudolf Kippenhahn
Landesstemwarte, Konigstuhl D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
Rautenbreite 2 D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
Gerhard Borner
Peter A. Strittmatter
MPI fiir Physik und Astrophysik Institut fiir Astrophysik Karl-Schwarzschild-Str.1 D-85748 Garching, Germany
Steward Observatory The University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Martin Harwit
Astronomy Program University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742, USA and Department of Physics University of California Irvine, CA 92717, USA
The National Air and Space Museum Smithsonian Institution 7th St. and lndependence Ave. S. W. Washington, DC 20560, USA
Virginia Trimble
Cover picture: Systems of arclets observed in the galaxy cluster Abell2218 by R. Pe Ilo. The arclets are backgroundgalaxy images deformed by the mass of the cluster acting as a gravitationallens for the light
