Genes associated with survival of female bovine blastocysts produced in vivo
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Genes associated with survival of female bovine blastocysts produced in vivo A. M. Zolini 1 & J. Block 2 & M. B. Rabaglino 3,4 D. Salilew-Wondim 5,6,7 & P. J. Hansen 1
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G. Rincon 2
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M. Hoelker 5,6,7
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J. J. Bromfield 1
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Received: 28 April 2020 / Accepted: 6 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The objective was to characterize the transcriptome profile of in vivo–derived female embryos competent to establish and maintain gestation. Blastocysts from superovulated heifers were bisected to generate two demi-embryos. One demi-embryo was transferred into a synchronized recipient and the other part was used for RNA-seq analysis. Data on transcript abundance was analyzed for 4 demi-embryos that established and maintained pregnancy to day 60 (designated as PP) and 3 that did not result in a pregnancy at day 30 (designated as NP). Using a false discovery rate of P < 0.10 as cutoff, a total of 155 genes were differentially expressed between PP and NP embryos, of which 73 genes were upregulated and 82 genes were downregulated in the PP group. The functional cluster with the greatest enrichment score for embryos that survived, representing 28 genes (48% of the annotated genes), was related to membrane proteins, particularly those related to olfaction and neural development and function. The functional cluster with the greatest enrichment score for downregulated genes in embryos that survived included terms related to oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial function, and transmembrane proteins. In conclusion, competence of in vivo–derived female bovine embryos to survive after transfer is associated with increased expression of genes encoding transmembrane proteins, perhaps indicative of differentiation of the inner cell mass to epiblast, and decreased expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, perhaps indicative of reduced metabolic activity. Keywords Preimplantation embryo . Embryo survival . Pregnancy . Blastocyst . Transcriptome
Introduction One of the characteristics of pregnancy is its propensity for failure. Death of the conceptus can occur at any point during pregnancy, with the greatest incidence in the early stages of development. In dairy cattle, for example, it has been
estimated that about 23 to 30% of embryos alive at days 5 to 7 of gestation die before days 27 to 32, and about 12 to 13% of embryos alive at day 28 die by days 45 to 60 of gestation (Hansen 2011; Wiltbank et al. 2016). About 2 to 6% of fetuses die between day 40 and day 80, and about 4% die thereafter (Jousan et al. 2005; Wiltbank et al. 2016). A similar
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-020-03257-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * P. J. Hansen [email protected] 1
Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 110910, Gainesville, FL 32611-0910, USA
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