Genetic variation associated with the shoot biomass of upland cotton seedlings under contrasting phosphate supplies
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Genetic variation associated with the shoot biomass of upland cotton seedlings under contrasting phosphate supplies Qishen Gu & Huifeng Ke & Zhengwen Sun & Liqiang Wu & Guiyin Zhang & Yan Zhang & Zhikun Li & Xingfen Wang & Zhiying Ma
Received: 26 September 2019 / Accepted: 13 July 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract As over-fertilization leads to environmental concerns, selecting cultivars that can produce high yields on phosphorus (P)-deficient soils and understanding the genetic basis underlying P-starved tolerance have become crucially important. In this study, we evaluated the variation of ten P deficiency-related traits at the seedling stage of 419 core accessions in two different environments. The results showed that the shoot dry weight (SDW) could be considered an indicator for screening P-tolerant germplasm resources. A genomewide association study (GWAS) was performed for two SDW-related traits using 3.66 million high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A total of 102 significantly associated SNPs were located within or near 137 genes, of which, 27 of the SNPs were consistently detected for multiple traits or multiple environments. We further identified and validated a novel candidate gene, Gh_D11G2219, by qRT-PCR analysis and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), and the results Qishen Gu, Huifeng Ke and Zhengwen Sun contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-020-01156-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Q. Gu : H. Ke : Z. Sun : L. Wu : G. Zhang : Y. Zhang : Z. Li : X. Wang (*) : Z. Ma (*) State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation / North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected]
suggested that Gh_D11G2219 plays a role in the positive regulation of tolerance to P deficiency stress in cotton. In addition, the elite SNPs linked to tolerance to P-starved stress have undergone negative selection pressure during the cotton breeding process. This is the first GWAS of P deficiency tolerance, and the identified SNPs and candidate genes provide valuable information for breeding highly P-efficient varieties. Keywords Cotton . P-starved tolerance . GWAS . SNP marker . Candidate genes
Introduction Phosphorus (P) is an essential macro-element for plant growth and survival. However, the concentration of available P in the soil is much lower than the available P concentration in plant tissues and organs (Gamuyao et al. 2012). Because most of the P is stored in organic form with low solubility and high sorption capacity (Chiou and Lin 2011), the low availability of inorganic P in the soil severely restricts the growth development of crops, reducing yields (Galindo-Castaneda et al. 2018). In addition, excessive use of P fertilizer has caused severe environmental pollution (Ha and Tran 2014). Therefore, it is vital to
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