Geometry and Topology Proceedings of the Special Year held at the Un

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1167

Geometry and Topology Proceedings of the Special Year held at the University of Maryland, College Park 1983-1984

Edited by J. Alexander and J. Harer

Spri nger-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New '{ark Tokyo

Lecture Notes in Mathematics Edited by A. Oold and B. Eckmann Subseries: Department of Mathematics, University of Maryland Adviser: J. Alexander

1167

Geometry and Topology Proceedings of the Special Year held at the University of Maryland, College Park 1983-1984

Edited by J. Alexander and J. Harer

Spri nger-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New '{ark Tokyo

Editors

James C. Alexander Department of Mathematics, University of Maryland College Park, Michigan 20742, USA John L. Harer Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA

Mathematics Subject Classification (1980): 53-06, 54-06, 55-06, 57-06 ISBN 3-540-16053-1 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo ISBN 0-387-16053-1 Springer-Verlag New York Heidelberg Berlin Tokyo

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use, a fee is payable to "Verwertungsgesellschaft Wort", Munich. © by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1985 Printed in Germany

Printing and binding: Beltz Offsetdruck, Hemsbach/Bergstr. 2146/3140-543210

PREFACE The Department of Mathematics of the University of Maryland held a Special Year in Topology during the academic year 1983-1984.

This

volume contains articles submitted by the participants of this Special Year. This is the fifteenth consecutive year that a Special Year has been held at Maryland.

The choice of topology as a topic was based on

the amount of activity in the field and on the research interests of departmental members.

The program consisted of four main sessions,

each lasting two or three weeks, and one shorter session, lasting one week. These sessions were i) ii) iii) iv) v)

3-manifolds and hyperbolic geometry; homological methods; topology and geometry of 4-manifolds; geometric and analytic methods;

and

growth of groups.

In each of these sessions, seven or eight mathematicians were invited to give from one to four lectures, the number depending upon the duration of the speakers attendance at the conference.

Many other

mathematicians were also supported to attend the lectures. In addition to the regular members of the Topology group at Maryland, the Special Year was fortunate to have H.

from

Odense, Denmark in residence for the entire year and W. Goldman from M.I.T. in residence during the fall.

The principal speakers for the

various sessions are listed below. The cost of the Special Year was borne by the department and by a grant from the National Science Foundation.

The organizing committee

would like to thank the N.S.F. for this funding.

In additio