Health Care in Eleventh-Century China

By examining all the prevalent varieties of therapy from self-care to religious ritual, this book explores health care practices in China, before modern times. In ancient China most people were unable to afford a doctor, even in the unlikely case that one

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New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology

Nathan Sivin

Health Care in EleventhCentury China

Archimedes New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology Volume 43

Series Editor Jed Z. Buchwald Dreyfuss Professor of History California Institute of Technology Pasadena California USA

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/5644

Nathan Sivin

Health Care in EleventhCentury China

Nathan Sivin University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA

ISSN 1385-0180 ISSN 2215-0064 (electronic) Archimedes ISBN 978-3-319-20426-0 ISBN 978-3-319-20427-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-20427-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015948370 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Dedicated to my colleagues at the China Institute for History of Medicine and Medical Literature, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, led for many years by Professor Li Jingwei

Preface

In writing this book I have done my best to say clearly what I have to say for anyone who is simply curious about ancient Chinese health care. I have documented it for historians of medicine, Sinologists, or humanistically inclined physicians. Don’t feel that you are obliged to begin reading this book with the first page and continue to the end. It has three introductory chapters, but if you simply want to know what I have to say about health care in China, you may want to begin with chapter 4, and return to the first three only if something arouses your interest in them. The sequence of the book’s remainder, which deals with the varieties of health care, is more or less arbitrary, so read them in an order that fits your own curiosity. I became curious about science in China because it seemed to me th