How we assess the perioperative anxiety of surgical patients with pulmonary nodules: the revision of state-trait anxiety
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(2020) 15:324
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
How we assess the perioperative anxiety of surgical patients with pulmonary nodules: the revision of state-trait anxiety inventory Zhenyu Zhou1, Ying Wang2, Yuequn Niu1, Zhehao He1, Manli Huang3, Yuqiong Zhou2, Wang Lv1 and Jian Hu1*
Abstract Purpose: The aim of the study was to develop a short form of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and calculate the norms for the assessment of anxiety in surgical patients in mainland China. Methods: Patients who were scheduled to carry out pulmonary surgery in our department were included. The sinicized 40-item STAI Form-Y was used to assess the anxiety on the surgery eve. Then the coefficient of variation, coefficient of correlation, stepwise regression analysis, principal component analysis, and structural equation model were successively to filter the items. The reliability and validity of the revised STAI was estimated and the norms were computed. Results: 445 intact replies were collected. A 13-item STAI with 6 items in state subscale and 7 items in trait subscale produced similar scores with the full version of STAI. The Cronbach alpha coefficients for the state and trait subscales were 0.924 and 0.936, respectively. The determinant coefficients were 0.781 and 0.822, respectively. Moreover, the norms of both state subscale and trait subscale are provided according to the age and gender. Conclusions: The revised short form of STAI has good reliability and validity. It is likely to be more acceptable by reducing the fatigue effects, and is suitable for follow-up study on the assessment and intervention of perioperative anxiety of surgical patients with pulmonary nodules. Keywords: State-trait anxiety inventory, Surgical patients, Perioperative anxiety, Structural equation model
Introduction Lung cancer is still the most widespread and important malignant tumor at present, since it attributes over one eighth to the morbidity and nearly one quarter to the mortality in all malignant tumors [1]. Surgery is still the most effective treatment for patients with early-stage lung cancer [2–6]. At the beginning of twenty-first century, the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) emphasizes the integrated application of various methods to * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
enhance perioperative management and promote postoperative recovery of patients as well, including pain relief, minimally invasive operation, and so on [7–11]. The assessment and intervention of perioperative anxiety should also be a part, and it is getting more and more attention [12–16]. Our department intends to conduct a registry study to assess and intervene perioperative anxiety in patients undergoing pulmonary surgery. To this end, we asked the mental health specialists to help us develop a comprehensive preoperative relaxation training process inc
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