Hydrothermally Synthesized Zinc Vanadate Rods for Electrochemical Supercapacitance Analysis in Various Aqueous Electroly
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Hydrothermally Synthesized Zinc Vanadate Rods for Electrochemical Supercapacitance Analysis in Various Aqueous Electrolytes B. Suganya1,2 · J. Chandrasekaran2 · S. Maruthamuthu3 · B. Saravanakumar3 · E. Vijayakumar4 Received: 19 March 2020 / Accepted: 6 May 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Zinc vanadate (Zn3V2O8) rods have been prepared using easy and economical hydrothermal technique and are explored for supercapacitor electrode application. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were analysed for the structure and morphology of the sample. The electrochemical performance of the Z n3V2O8 electrode was investigated using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic charge–discharge test. The performance of Zn3V2O8 in water soluble electrolytes, such as K2SO4, Na2SO4 and KOH were analysed, and the results demonstrated unique double layer properties of the material. The electrode material tested in 0.5 M K2SO4 showed good supercapacitive performance in terms of specific capacitance and efficiency when compared to other electrolytes. We have obtained a specific capacitance of 213 F g −1 at current density of 1 A g −1. This electrode exhibits very less charge transfer resistance (3.3 Ω) in potassium sulphate electrolyte and is lower than other electrolytes. Moreover, Zn3V2O8 provided enhanced rate capacity, with (77%) of retention capacity for charge–discharge up to 1000 cycles. Keywords Zinc vanadate · Hydrothermal · Neutral electrolytes · IR drop · Supercapacitor
1 Introduction Energy storage technologies based on electrochemical reactions were popularized due to its superior performance. Supercapacitors (SC) are one among the electrochemical energy storage device which has a profound impact on the efficient power devices and are the most viable option for automobiles [1]. The hallmark features of SC’s are high power density relative to conventional capacitors and Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-020-01581-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * J. Chandrasekaran [email protected] 1
Faculty of Physics, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 105, India
2
Department of Physics, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 020, India
3
Faculty of Physics, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu 642 003, India
4
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
batteries with good cyclic stability, better rate capacity and superior calendar life [2, 3]. The energy storage mechanism is differentiated into two categories, firstly, electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs), and it is influenced by the charges stored at the interface between electrode and electrolyte [4]. Secondly, pseudocapacitors which are driven
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