Increasing surface charge density by effective charge accumulation layer inclusion for high-performance triboelectric na
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esearch Letter
Increasing surface charge density by effective charge accumulation layer inclusion for high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators Aravind Narain Ravichandran, Marc Ramuz Microelectronics in Provence, Gardanne, France
, and Sylvain Blayac, Mines Saint-Etienne, Department of Flexible Electronics, Center of
Address all correspondence to Marc Ramuz at [email protected] (Received 6 February 2019; accepted 7 May 2019)
Abstract Powering autonomous electronic devices is a key challenge toward the development of smart sensor networks. In this work, a state-of-the-art triboelectric nanogenerator is devised to enhance the output performance with an effective surface charge density of 70.2 µC/m2, which is 140 times higher than the initial results. Thin film Parylene-C material is deposited to increase charge accumulation by allowing the acceptance of more charges and enhance output performance by a factor of 10. By considering the merit of simple fabrication, we believe the effective charge inclusion layer will be an ideal energy source for low-power portable electronics.
Introduction In recent times, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted exceptional attention after its first report by Prof. Wang’s group in 2012[1] presenting its simple, robust, low-cost, and high efficiency for energy harvesting. TENGs generate electricity converting the mechanical motions through the coupling of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction.[2,3] TENGs have four basic operating modes[4–6] which include vertical contact–separation mode, lateral sliding mode, single-electrode mode, and freestanding triboelectric layer mode. In general, TENGs are primarily composed of positive and negative triboelectric layers with electrodes transporting the charges. Materials for triboelectricity occurrence are selected based on the triboelectric series,[4] further away the materials are separated apart from each other in the series, the greater the charge transfer. The surface charge transfer resulting from the periodic contact separation between these two dissimilar triboelectric materials determines the energy conversion of a TENG. While TENGs have been demonstrated as sustainable power sources for autonomous applications,[2] the output power is a major concern owing to its high voltage and low current. Until now, the electric output of TENGs has been improved up to ∼500 W/m2 with a complex device structure.[2] According to previous studies,[7–10] enhancement of output performance can be achieved by material modification, increasing the contact area or surface functionalization. The intrinsic properties of the triboelectric materials are critically important for the improvement of TENGs output.[11] With a contact–separation structure, the key technique to enhance the output performance is to increase the surface charge density to achieve a high output performance of TENGs.
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Considering high density of triboelectric charges was transferred at each contact, intrinsic parameters such as work functions, dielectric thickness,
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