Indigenous heat flux differential scanning calorimeter (HF-DSC)
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Indigenous heat flux differential scanning calorimeter (HF-DSC) T. Gnanasekaran1 • R. Parthasarathy1 • S. Shyam Kumar2 • Venkatramanan Kannan3
Received: 30 October 2020 / Accepted: 11 November 2020 CSI Publications 2020
Abstract As part of the programme to develop low-cost instruments for use in educational institutions, we have developed a heat-flux differential scanning calorimeter (HF-DSC). We have used low cost components for building the parts of the calorimeter and they were fabricated by the local industries. The paper describes the design and construction of the calorimeter and measurement electronics in detail. The calorimeter was calibrated for temperature and enthalpy measurements using high purity metal standards. The results indicate that the on-set temperatures of thermal events can be measured with an accuracy of ± 0.7 C and the enthalpy values within ± 3%. The sensitivity of the instrument is about 4 to 5 times lower than that obtained in a typical commercial DSC unit. Keywords Calorimetry Enthalpy Heat-flux Thermal analysis Thermopile
important part of materials science. Phase transitions such as melting (or freezing), glass transitions and decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures are of interest in this category and these processes involve energy changes and/or heat capacity changes. Differential scanning calorimeters (DSC) are useful in studying these phenomena. The DSCs enable accurate measurement of the temperature of these transformations. They also measure the enthalpy change of these processes with very high sensitivity. The market cost of a commercial DSC is around Rs.50 lakhs. This prohibitively high cost would prevent them to be used in academic institutes for regular teaching and hands-on learning purposes. Keeping in line with the mission of developing a low cost indigenous instrument, we have successfully demonstrated the development of a Heat flux type DSC (HF-DSC). The design and fabrication schemes that were adopted to construct the instrument and the results obtained from it are described in this paper.
1 Introduction 2 Principles of the heat flux DSC Today, it has become increasingly important to incorporate modern analytical techniques and instrumentation into curriculum of the general science students to provide more hands-on learning environment. Understanding thermophysical and thermochemical properties of materials is an & Venkatramanan Kannan [email protected] 1
SJCAR, SCSVMV Deemed University, Kanchipuram, India
2
Materials and Metal Fuel Chemistry Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India
3
Department of Physics, SCSVMV Deemed University, Kanchipuram, India
Differential Scanning Calorimeters are of two types: Power compensated DSC (PC-DSC) and Heat Flux DSC. In both types of DSCs, a sample and an inert reference are placed in a furnace system and are subjected to a temperature scanning under a controlled atmosphere. The temperatures of the sample and reference are continuously measured. When no tr
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