Individual Disability-Adjusted Life Year: A Summary Health Outcome Indicator Used for Prospective Studies
In order to assess global health at individual level in prospective studies, a standard summary indicator of health – Individual DALY was established. It integrated all kind of disease into one measure, reflecting the healthy years lost during a period of
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Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426
2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6
Rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 Choosing Disability as the Measurement of Disease Burden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 Disability Weighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 Measurement of Disability Weights for Individual DALY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 Individual DALY Caused by Mortality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428 Time Preference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 Age Weighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
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The Formula of Individual DALY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
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Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4
Further Explanations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433 Comparison Between Individual DALY and Other GBD Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433 Advantages of Using Disability Weights in Individual DALY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 Utilities of Individual DALY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 Precautions in Use of Individual DALY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 Summary Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
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Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2010 (USA)
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Individual Disability-Adjusted Life Year
Abstract: In order to assess global health at individual level in prospective studies, a standard summary indicator of health – Individual DALY was established. It integrated all kind of disease into one measure, reflecting the healthy years lost during a period of time for an individual, with consideration of societal “ideal.” Similar to Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY), Individual DALY used disability and disability weight to measure health problem and its severity after adjusting age and > time preference. Following assumptions were made: (1) individual DALY be defined as the cumulated > healthy life years lost for an individual during follow-
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