Individual sensitivity of cold pressor, environmental meteorological factors associated with blood pressure and its fluc
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Individual sensitivity of cold pressor, environmental meteorological factors associated with blood pressure and its fluctuation Yaqin Ni 1,2 & Qin Miao 3 & Ruizhi Zheng 2 & Ying Miao 4 & Xuhui Zhang 5 & Yimin Zhu 2,6 Received: 19 July 2018 / Revised: 30 March 2020 / Accepted: 23 April 2020 # ISB 2020
Abstract Previous studies have examined the associations of meteorological factors with blood pressure; however, these associations have not fully elucidated, especially lacking of evidence from cohort study, little information about the associations of cold pressor sensitivity with blood pressure and its fluctuation. The objective of this study was to investigate the outdoor and indoor temperature, barometric pressure, humidity, and cold pressor sensitivity with blood pressure and its fluctuation. Forty-eight healthy subjects were recruited, and response of blood pressure to cold exposure was measured with cold pressor test (CPT). Then, all the subjects were followed up, and blood pressure was measured every half a month in a period of consecutive 12 months. Multiple panel analysis with randomeffects generalized least squares (GLS) regression was used to analyze the effect of the outdoor and indoor temperature, barometric pressure, humidity, and response to cold pressor exposure on blood pressure. Outdoor and indoor temperature and humidity were found to be independently associated with blood pressure (all the P values < 0.05). The response to cold exposure positively associated with blood pressure and its fluctuation (P < 0.05). The subjects with higher cold pressor sensitivity had about 4.7 mmHg higher maximum difference of SBP in 1 year than the subjects with lower sensitivity. Outdoor and indoor temperature, humidity, and response to cold exposure are associated with blood pressure and its fluctuation. These findings provided extending evidence on blood pressure management in clinic and preventive practice. Keywords Blood pressure . Cold pressor sensitivity . Temperature . Humidity
Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of the incidence and mortality all over the world including China with a mortality rate of 266.14/100000 (NHFPC 2013; WHO 2013; Yang et al. 2008). Elevated blood pressure is one of the major
risk factors for CVD (Lewington et al. 2002). China is facing a consistent increasing in hypertension with the latest prevalence rate of 27.8% in adults (Li et al. 2017). Blood pressure is a modifiable and preventable factor, which is associated with both of the individuals such as age, gender, lifestyle, and environmental factors. In 1961, Rose et al. firstly reported the
Yaqin Ni and Qin Miao contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-020-01928-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Xuhui Zhang [email protected]
3
Health Service Center of Wenxin Community, Xi-Hu District, Hangzhou 310012, China
* Yimin Zhu [email protected]
4
Health Ser
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