Influence of De-Icing Salt on K Supply and Street Trees Ecological Status in Riga, Latvia

The study was conducted to evaluate the toxic effect of soil and plant pollution with Na and Cl− on K supply and ecological condition of the street trees (Tilia × vulgaris H.) in Riga during 2005 and 2007. The results revealed that the ecological status o

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ALLIANCE FOR GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY BOOKSERIES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: TOOLS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

VOLUME 17 Series Editor

Dr. Joanne M. Kauffman 6–8, rue du Général Camou 75007 Paris France [email protected]

Series Advisory Board Professor Dr. Peter Edwards Swiss Federal Institute of Technology – Zurich, Switzerland Dr. John H. Gibbons President, Resource Strategies, The Plains, VA, USA Professor David H. Marks Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Professor Mario Molina University of California, San Diego, USA Professor Gregory Morrison Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden Dr. Rajendra Pachauri Director, The Energy Resources Institute (TERI), India Professor Akimasa Sumi University of Tokyo, Japan Professor Kazuhiko Takeuchi University of Tokyo, Japan Aims and Scope of the Series The aim of this series is to provide timely accounts by authoritative scholars of the results of cutting edge research into emerging barriers to sustainable development, and methodologies and tools to help governments, industry, and civil society overcome them. The work presented in the series will draw mainly on results of the research being carried out in the Alliance for Global Sustainability (AGS). The level of presentation is for graduate students in natural, social and engineering sciences as well as policy and decision-makers around the world in government, industry and civil society.

For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/5589

Highway and Urban Environment Proceedings of the 9th Highway and Urban Environment Symposium

Edited by

Sébastien Rauch Water Environment Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden

Gregory M. Morrison Water Environment Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden

Andrés Monzón Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain

Editors Sébastien Rauch Water Environment Technology Chalmers University of Technology Sweden [email protected]

Gregory M. Morrison Water Environment Technology Chalmers University of Technology Sweden [email protected]

Andrés Monzón Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Spain [email protected]

ISBN 978-90-481-3042-9 e-ISBN 978-90-481-3043-6 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-3043-6 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009940201 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Cover illustration: Cover design: Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Chairman: Mr. Lars G. Josefsson, President and Chief Executive Officer, Vattenfall AB AGS University Presidents: Prof. Hiroshi Komiyama, President, Unive