Integration of Resident Fisherfolk Communities in Marine Protected Areas by Social Micro-entrepreneurships of Maricultur
The global deterioration of vital ecosystems and natural resources has compelled to constantly redefine alternative futures. The creation of protected areas (PAs) is considered among the best prescriptions to rise environmental conservation insofar as mul
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Integration of Resident Fisherfolk Communities in Marine Protected Areas by Social Micro-entrepreneurships of Mariculture: A Case Study at La Paz Bay, South Baja California, Mexico Mario Monteforte-Sánchez
Abstract The global deterioration of vital ecosystems and natural resources has compelled to constantly redefine alternative futures. The creation of protected areas (PAs) is considered among the best prescriptions to rise environmental conservation insofar as multiple-objective established in the nations’ policies allows resident communities to access productive opportunities through social micro- entrepreneurships (SMEs). Although implementing PAs assumes conversion- diversification processes designed for unique socio-ecologic timelines and components by case, it is recognized that SMEs of ecotourism, small-scale farms, and a rational exploitation of local natural resources are inherent vocational assets that improve PA profitability. The integration of rural/coastal groups in PA management by productive SMEs is analyzed in this chapter. We discuss the development and outcomes of this model applied in the real conditions of a marine-coastal PA (MPA) in La Paz Bay, Baja California Sur, Mexico, the “Balandra-Merito” coastal lagoon system. Here, the model comprises small-scale mariculture and coastal fisherfolk actors determined by the historical context of a case study. Using the narrative visualization approach, we review the extension (capacity-building) programs in which the roles of technologies and knowledge-holders signify decisive influences on the configuration of SMEs into or around protected areas. Prospects to make Balandra-Merito MPA more cost-effective are examined. Keywords Coastal fisherfolks · Protected areas · Profitable conservation · Mariculture · Social micro-entrepreneurships
M. Monteforte-Sánchez (*) Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Baja California Sur, México e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 A. Ortega-Rubio (ed.), Socio-ecological Studies in Natural Protected Areas, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47264-1_27
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27.1 Framework of the Case Study The global socioeconomic model has laid heavy footprints on almost every ecosystem and natural resource, with evidences of fast deterioration in the last 30 or 40 years at such an extended rate that great awareness about the present widespread crisis has been rising alerts to what it may come in the near future. Many summits, conventions, and other global reunions assembled principally from the 1980s and on keep searching for alternatives to regulate the consumption/waste model based on the overexploitation of natural resources, and thus the character of sustainable goals is in constant redefinition from shorter to longer intervals (2050 so far), in parallel to progressively complex socio-ecological scenarios. For example, 20 strategic goals, the Aichi targets, with biodiversity conservation as foremost aim, were supposed to be achieved by 20
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