International Harmonization of Measurements
The International System of Units (SI) of physical quantities is very important and necessary toolkit for any scientific development. The existing system adopted in 1960 by CGPM, France, is the globally well accepted, up-to-date, modern, coherent, having
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Metrology for Inclusive Growth of India
Metrology for Inclusive Growth of India
Dinesh K. Aswal Editor
Metrology for Inclusive Growth of India
123
Editor Dinesh K. Aswal CSIR-National Physical Laboratory New Delhi, India
ISBN 978-981-15-8871-6 ISBN 978-981-15-8872-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8872-3
(eBook)
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Dedicated to 75 Glorious Years of CSIR-National Physical Laboratory in the Service of India
Message of Honorable PM
vii
Foreword
It indeed is a matter of great pleasure that CSIR-The National Physical Laboratory (CSIR-NPL), one of the premier laboratories of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), is celebrating its 75th Foundation Day on 4 January 2021 and bringing a book on Metrology for Inclusive Growth of India through Springer Nature to commemorate Platinum Jubilee Foundation Day. CSIR-NPL is the National Measurement Institute (NMI) of the country by an Act of Parliament and represents India as a permanent member in International Bureau of Weights and Measure (BIPM), France. This book is an excellent initiative by Team CSIR-NPL which elaborates the role of metrology in the governance for ensuring the conformity assessment along with the gap areas and future directions in order to make India as knowledge and economic power. It presents high technicality of national/primary measurement standards of India in the areas of physico-mechanical, electrical and electronics, Indian Standard Time (IST), electromagnetic, environment, biomedical,
