Intimate partner violence against women in Ethiopia and its association with unintended pregnancy: a national cross-sect
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Intimate partner violence against women in Ethiopia and its association with unintended pregnancy: a national cross-sectional survey Tenaw Yimer Tiruye1,2 Deborah Loxton2
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Melissa L. Harris2 • Catherine Chojenta2 • Elizabeth Holliday3
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Received: 9 April 2020 / Revised: 7 October 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020 Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+) 2020
Abstract Objectives To investigate the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and unintended pregnancy among women in Ethiopia. Methods A retrospective analysis of nationally representative data was conducted among 2969 married women of reproductive age (15–49 years). Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association of IPV with the outcome variable. Results Unintended pregnancy was reported by 26.5% of women. About 36% of participants reported having ever experienced IPV (a composite measure of physical, sexual, and emotional abuse) and 56% had experienced at least one act of partner controlling behaviour. After controlling for potential confounders, a significant association was observed between IPV and unintended pregnancy (AOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.05, 1.85) and between multiple acts of partner controlling behaviours and unintended pregnancy (AOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.16, 2.14). Conclusions In Ethiopia, which has a high fertility rate (4.6 children per woman) and low use of contraception (36%), IPV including partner controlling behaviour further contributes to the problem of unintended pregnancy. Reproductive health programs should be sensitive to the relational aspects of fertility control and incorporate IPV interventions into reproductive health services. Keywords Intimate partner violence Partner controlling behaviour Unintended pregnancy Demographic and health survey Ethiopia
& Tenaw Yimer Tiruye [email protected]; [email protected]
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Priority Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
Melissa L. Harris [email protected] Catherine Chojenta [email protected] Elizabeth Holliday [email protected] Deborah Loxton [email protected] 1
Public Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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T. Y. Tiruye et al.
Introduction Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health problem affecting one in every three women (World Health Organization (WHO) 2013a). Ethiopia has high national rates of IPV, with the lifetime prevalence ranging from 20 to 78% in different areas of the country (Semahegn and Mengistie 2015). In addition, about 57% of women report having experienced at least one form of marital controlling behaviour from their partner (CSA and ICF 2017). The effect of IPV on women’s health rang
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