Investigation of Cysticercosis bovis prevalence using passive abattoir post-mortem inspection and active administration
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Investigation of Cysticercosis bovis prevalence using passive abattoir post-mortem inspection and active administration of structured non-participatory questionnaire to farmers in Botswana Goodhead O. Uchendu 1
&
Andrew O. Aganga 1 & Njoku O. Ama 2 & Othusitse R. Madibela 1
Received: 25 May 2020 / Accepted: 15 October 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Most government published statistics of C. bovis prevalence in Botswana emanate mainly from records available at the Botswana Meat Commission (BMC), the country’s national export abattoir. Although BMC slaughters 44% of Botswana’s annual cattle slaughter, prevalence data arising from BMC does not reflect prevalence from lower throughput abattoirs and potential hotspots. Thus, reporting national prevalence rate using solely BMC statistics may not be very informative and reflective of the bigger picture. It therefore became imperative to probe prevalence of bovine cysticercosis using a cross-sectional study through passive abattoir inspection, covering a wider scope (more regions) and some lower throughput abattoirs previously not accounted for. Furthermore, non-participatory interview using structured questionnaires was employed to actively elicit prevalence information directly from meat industry stake holders. Prevalence arising from survey was used to compare and query results from statutory (traditional) passive abattoir method. Abattoir prevalence was 17.17% (SE = 1.70027), and survey prevalence was 42.35%; both of which were higher than published prevalence of 13.5% and BMC prevalence of 10% (SE = 0.006576). Survey method was more holistic than passive abattoir method, by covering more frontiers thus yielding higher prevalence. At p = 025, abattoir and survey prevalence were significantly different from each other. In addition to delimitating novel hotspots in Botswana, this study showed significant difference, p = 0.002 in prevalence within districts and regions. Kalagadi district’s prevalence differed significantly from other districts: differed from North East at p = 0.042, Central district at p = 0.002 and Ghanzi at p = 0.004. The results which arise from this methodological approach have been able to provide a more all-inclusive and reliable prevalence rate. Keywords Botswana . Cysticercus bovis . Prevalence . Passive abattoir inspection . Active survey
Background of the study Botswana’s prevalence of bovine cysticercosis has been increasing consistently, rising from 12 in 1974 (Mosienyane 1986) to 20% in 2014 (Modisa 2014), before dropping to 13.5% in 2015 (Tshiamo 2015). Most published prevalence figures emanate from data available at BMC and high-throughput government abattoirs. BMC, the country’s national export abattoir, anticipated the possibility of losing the patronage of the EU beef market
* Goodhead O. Uchendu [email protected] 1
Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Private Bag 0027, Sebele, Gaborone, Botswana
2
Tocchae Holdings Pty, 3 Tropic Bird Lane, Wilgeheuwel, Roodepoort, Johannesb
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