Kant's Critique of Pure Reason The Foundation of Modern Philosophy
Kant’s "Critique of Pure Reason" is so outstanding among modern philosophical works, that it can be termed "the" foundation of modern philosophy. Schopenhauer termed it "the most important book ever to have been written in Europe." Otfried Höffe guides th
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Studies in German Idealism
Series Editor: Reinier Munk, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Advisory Editorial Board: Frederick Beiser, Syracuse University, U.S.A. Daniel Dahlstrom, Boston University, U.S.A. George di Giovanni, McGill University, Montreal, Canada Paul Guyer, University of Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Detlev Pätzold, University of Groningen, The Netherlands Andrea Poma, University of Torino, Italy
VOLUME 10 For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com /series/6545
KANT’S CRITIQUE OF PURE REASON THE FOUNDATION OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY
by
OTFRIED HÖFFE
123
Prof. Dr. Otfried Höffe Universität Tübingen LS für Philosophie Bursagasse 1 72070 Tübingen Germany [email protected]
ISSN 1571-4764 ISBN 978-90-481-2721-4 e-ISBN 978-90-481-2722-1 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-2722-1 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009927001 C Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
FOUR REASONS FOR ENGAGING WITH KANT’S FIRST CRITIQUE 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
The Historical Significance of Kant’s Philosophy An Alternative Form of Fundamental Philosophy Epistemic Cosmopolitanism Practical Philosophy in the Age of (Natural) Science
1 1 4 6 10
PART I THE FULL CRITICAL PROGRAMME 2
3
4
INNOVATION AND TRADITION
19
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Knowledge in the Service of Morality The Aporetic Quest for Knowledge Judicial Critique A Philosophy of Experience And the Alternative of Naturalism?
19 23 27 32 34
OBJECTIVITY THROUGH SUBJECTIVITY
37
3.1 3.2 3.3
37 41 48
Philosophy as Science The Epistemic Revolution The Realm of Appearance is the Only Truth
A PHILOSOPHICAL THEORY OF SCIENCE
51
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4
51 54 56 61
The Decisive Question Thinking in Continuity with the Sciences This-Wordly Transcendence Three Objections to Kant v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
vi
5
FIRST ASSESSMENT: KANT’S PROGRAMME 5.1 5.2 5.3
Is Philosophy Possible without an Antecedent Critique of Language? Cosmopolitan Interests An Epistemic Tightrope
69
69 72 76
PART II ONLY HUMAN BEINGS PURSUE MATHEMATICS 6
7
8
A PHILOSOPHY OF INTUITION
83
6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4
83 90 93 95
Contesting the Prejudice Against Sensibility Space and Time as Such Two Priorities A Sensibility Independent of Experience
A TRANSCENDENTAL GEOMETRY
103
7.1 7.2 7.3
Mathematics, Metamathematics and Metaphysics Does Mathematics Involve the Synthetic a Priori? The Indeterminacy of Transcendental Space
103 105 110
SECOND ASSESSMENT: SENSIBILITY AND WORLD
115
8.1 8.2 8.3
115 119 121
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