Keeping the Wild Against the Domestication of Earth
Is it time to embrace the so-called “Anthropocene”—the age of human dominion—and to abandon tried-and-true conservation tools such as parks and wilderness areas? Is the future of Earth to be fully domesticated, an engineered global garden managed by techn
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Edited by George Wuerthner, Eileen Crist, and Tom Butler
KEEPING THE WILD
KEEPING THE WILD AGAINST THE DOMESTICATION OF EARTH
Edited by George Wuerthner, Eileen Crist, and Tom Butler
WASHINGTON
COVELO
LONDON
© 2014 by the Foundation for Deep Ecology Published by the Foundation for Deep Ecology in collaboration with Island Press. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the Foundation for Deep Ecology. Foundation for Deep Ecology 1606 Union Street, San Francisco, CA 94123 www.deepecology.org Island Press 2000 M Street, NW, Suite 650, Washington, D.C. 20036 www. islandpress.org ISBN 978-1-61091-558-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2014935630
Grateful acknowledgment is made to the following authors and publishers: Tim Caro et al.’s “Conservation in the Anthropocene” appeared originally, in a slightly different form, in Conservation Biology and is reprinted with permission. Paul Kingsnorth’s “Rise of the Neo-greens” is adapted from a longer work that appeared originally in Orion and is used by permission of the author. An earlier, shorter iteration of “The ‘New Conservation’” by Michael Soulé appeared in Conservation Biology; the version that appears herein is use by permission of the author. Roderick Nash’s “Wild World” appeared first in New Scientist and is reprinted by permission of the author. “The Myth of the Humanized Pre-Columbian Landscape” is adapted from Dave Foreman’s book True Wilderness and is used by permission of the author. “An Open Letter to Major John Wesley Powell” by Terry Tempest Williams appeared originally, in a slightly different version, in The Progressive, and is reprinted by permission of the author. Book design by Kevin Cross Printed in Canada on recycled paper (100% post-consumer waste) certified by the Forest Stewardship Council
For Michael Soulé— scientist, conservationist, lover of the wild.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
ix
Lives Not Our Own Tom Butler PART ONE: CLASHING WORLDVIEWS
Rise of the Neo-greens Paul Kingsnorth
3
The Conceptual Assassination of Wilderness David W. Kidner
10
Ptolemaic Environmentalism Eileen Crist
16
With Friends Like These, Wilderness and Biodiversity Do Not Need Enemies David Johns
31
What’s So New about the “New Conservation”? Curt Meine
45
Conservation in No-Man’s-Land Claudio Campagna and Daniel Guevara
55
The “New Conservation” Michael Soulé
64
PART TWO: AGAINST DOMESTICATION
The Fable of Managed Earth David Ehrenfeld
85
Conservation in the Anthropocene Tim Caro, Jack Darwin, Tavis Forrester, Cynthia Ledoux-Bloom, and Caitlin Wells
109
The Myth of the Humanized Pre-Columbian Landscape Dave Foreman
114
The Future of Conservation: An Australian Perspective Brendan Mackey
126
Expanding Parks, Reducing Human Numbers, and Preserving All the Wild Nature We Can: A Superior Alternative to Embracing the Anthropoce
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