Laminated ammonium perchlorate-based composite prepared by ice-template freezing-induced assembly
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Laminated ammonium perchlorate-based composite prepared by ice-template freezing-induced assembly Peng Deng1,2 1 2
, Qingjie Jiao1, and Hui Ren1,*
State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
Received: 28 June 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 26 August 2020
In this work, laminated ammonium perchlorate-based composite (LAPC) with high thermal decomposition performance was prepared by ice-template freezing-induced assembly strategy. Cobalt-Konjac glucomannan (Co2?-KGM) hydrosol with rich AP embedded was designed and used as a frozen precursor. LAPC was obtained from the ice-template freezing of the hydrosol precursor and crystallization of AP molecules. The structure and morphology of as-obtained composite were characterized, and the thermal decomposition performances were investigated. The results showed that LAPC materials have micro-/nano-lamellar structures with the thickness size of 20 lm, which are composed of AP micro-/nanoparticles formed in the freezing crystalline progress and uniformly dispersed Co2?-KGM coated on the surface and inside of the micro-/nanoparticles. Thermal analysis results show that LAPC-2 has a lower decomposition temperature than raw AP, which have decreased by 114.3 °C. The activation energy of LAPC-2 thermal decomposition was reduced by 87 kJ/mol from 200 kJ/mol of AP to 113 kJ/mol of LAPC-2. A possible catalytic mechanism of thermal decomposition of LAPC is proposed. Under heating condition, the Co2?-KGM molecules firstly decomposed, and Co-based oxides can be in situ generated on the surface and inside of AP particles, resulting in enhancing the catalytic contact areas. Abundant distributed nanoscale Co-based oxides boosted the thermal decomposition of AP and exhibited excellent catalytic performances.
Published online: 16 October 2020
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Handling Editor: Christopher Blanford.
Address correspondence to E-mail: [email protected]
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05174-5
2078
J Mater Sci (2021) 56:2077–2087
GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
Introduction Ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4, AP) with 500–800 J/g heat release and 34% positive oxygen balance was considered as the key solid oxidizer in the aerospace fields, because of high mass (over 70%) in composite propellants [1–5]. Enhancing the energy-releasing (decomposition and/or combustion) reaction efficiency of AP is important for promoting the development of solid rocket propellants [6–8]. To the best of our knowledge, the combustion properties of the propellant composite are significantly affected by the decomposition of AP [9–11], which have a direct influence on the shorter ignition delay time and higher burning rate of AP-based propellant [12, 13]. Therefore, lower decomposition temperature, higher heat release, and lower activation energy of AP decomposition are necessary [14–18]. Generally speaking, the first de
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