Liquid Low-level Radioactive Waste Treatment by Membrane Processes
- PDF / 181,938 Bytes
- 6 Pages / 432 x 648 pts Page_size
- 26 Downloads / 211 Views
Liquid Low-level Radioactive Waste Treatment by Membrane Processes Grazyna Zakrzewska-Trznadel, Marian Harasimowicz, Agnieszka Miskiewicz, Agnieszka Jaworska-Sobczak Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland ABSTRACT The first step in the processing of low- and medium-level liquid radioactive waste is the reduction in the volume of liquid containing small concentrations of radionuclides. Various methods for concentration of radioactive waste have been studied and developed at the Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, including membrane processes. Reverse osmosis was implemented at the Radioactive Waste Management Plant. Other methods such as ultrafiltration, membrane distillation, adsorption and different integrated processes were studied in the scope of national and international projects. This paper presents the results of research performed at Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology in Warsaw concerning radioactive liquid waste treatment and the programs of implementation of these methods at nuclear centers producing such wastes, as well as the plans for the utilization of the knowledge and experience and designs of schemes for radioactive waste management in future nuclear power industry. The integrated system developed on the basis of research will be a prototype for further implementation. INTRODUCTION Radioactive waste in Poland arises from research reactors and from various applications of radioisotopes in industry, medicine and science. The waste from around the country is collected, processed and prepared for disposal at Radioactive Waste Management Plant (RWMP) in Swierk, near Warsaw. The system of radioactive waste management at RWMP includes a waste management farm (comprising several storage tanks of different volume), a radioactive waste treatment station (with evaporator, chemical treatment station, reverse osmosis plant, bailing equipment and cementation plant), a temporary waste storage facility (for conditioned waste before shipment to the repository), a decontamination building (for decontamination of small equipment, smoke detectors dismantling area and the laundry) and radioactive waste repository in Rozan. The reverse osmosis plant operated at RWMP was designed and constructed at Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT) [1], the institution, which has considerable experience in the development of technologies for radioactive waste processing. The development of the Program of Polish Nuclear Energy will imply necessary activities concerning the future strategy of radioactive waste management and the elaboration of programs for research on new methods and processes that will be feasible to treat liquid wastes coming from nuclear power plant operation and related activities. However, at present, only the institutional radioactive waste is treated and conditioned at RWMP. Considering the potential hazard that radioactive substances pose to human health and the surrounding environment, the treatment of the radioactive waste is not op
Data Loading...
