Local Direct Democracy in Europe
Modern direct democracy has recently become an important element of political life in many countries. These developments can be observed at the national, regional, and local level of political systems. Participation and democracy in local political affair
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Direct Democracy in Modern Europe editors: Theo Schiller Bruno Kaufmann Wilfried Marxer Zoltán Tibor Pállinger
The interdisciplinary series will present studies on direct democracy in theory and empirical research in modern Europe on the local, national, and European level. Subjects will include country reports, legal aspects, special referendums, comparative studies, and analyses of policy impacts and the contribution of direct democracy to the development of democratic systems.
Theo Schiller (ed.)
Local Direct Democracy in Europe
Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de.
1st Edition 2011 All rights reserved © VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH 2011 Editorial Office: Frank Schindler | Verena Metzger VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften is a brand of Springer Fachmedien. Springer Fachmedien is part of Springer Science+Business Media. www.vs-verlag.de
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Contents
5
Contents
Preface
7
Local Direct Democracy in Europe – a comparative overview Theo Schiller
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I. Emerging Patterns The uneasy balance between participation and representation: local direct democracy in the Czech Republic Michael L. Smith Local direct democracy in Germany – varieties in a federal state Theo Schiller The institutionalisation of the referendum in the Italian political system: from the national to regional and local levels PierVincenzo Uleri
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75
Direct democracy in local politics in Norway Aimée Lind Adamiak
113
Twenty years of Polish direct democracy at the local level Andrzej K. Piasecki
126
Second-order direct democracy in Switzerland: How sub-national experiences differ from national ballots Michael Buetzer
138
Direct Democracy at the local level: a comparison of eight municipalities from four countries around Lake Constance (Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein, Switzerland) Wilfried Marxer/Zoltán Tibor Pállinger
157
II. Small Beginnings Direct democracy in Britain: citizens’ empowerment or political cosmetics? Michèle Breuillard
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Contents
Towards a law on local direct democracy in Bulgaria Iva Taralezhkova
184
Denmark – fragments of local direct democracy Palle Svensson
193
Local popular votes in Finland – procedures and experiences Rolf Büchi
202
Local referendum
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