Long-Term Storage and Radioactive Waste Retrieval from Historical Radon-Type Storage Facility
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MRS Advances © 2019 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2019.479
Long-Term Storage and Radioactive Waste Retrieval from Historical Radon-Type Storage Facility Alexander Smetnik JSC “VO “Safety”, Moscow, Russian Federation
ABSTRACT
Within the framework of the IAEA project “CRAFT” (2011-2014), specialists of JSC “VO “Safety” participated in working group “Safety assessment of the Radon-type facilities”. The IAEA GSG-3 methodology was used in order to address the issue of safety assessment of radioactive waste removal from historical near-surface storage facility of the Radon type. SAFRAN tool (Sweden) was used for safety assessment of a historical Radon type storage facility. Practical experience of SAFRAN application has shown that it can play a significant role in managing records and knowledge on radioactive waste, nuclear facility site, characteristics of geological environment and safety barriers. It can provide reliable longterm storage and effective management of safety related records for the purposes of safety reassessments, review and supervision.
INTRODUCTION: Safe radioactive waste retrieval becomes even more difficult due to absence of complete and reliable information about quantitative and qualitative inventory of radioactive waste, conditions of natural and engineering barriers, etc. at historical radioactive waste storage facilities which were constructed in 1950s and early 1960s of the 20th century. Such issues as preservation of knowledge about facilities, of history records, knowledge transfer to future generations and assurance of competences of personnel involved into decommissioning and remediation activities, may raise difficulties, especially in case of historical facilities.
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Characteristics of radon-type facilities RW storage facilities (RWSF) of “Radon type” were built in the 1960s in various regions of the former USSR, as well as in a number of East European countries (former USSR block countries). These facilities were constructed according to a standard design, with specific modifications to address local conditions of the storage locations and predicted volumes of RW. The Radon-type facilities took their name from the Radon system that was established in the former Soviet Union for collecting, transportation, processing and near surface disposal of low and intermediate level institutional RW including disused sealed radioactive sources (DSRS). There were 35 Radon-type facilities located in most cases close to regional scientific centers and covering all territory of the former Soviet Union. Near surface Radon facilities were sited, designed, constructed and operated as disposal facilities according to typical design based on the understanding of safety and the level of knowledge of that time. Radon-type facilities were described in many publicati
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