Low-porosity and low-permeability reservoirs characterization using low-frequency seismic attribute
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RESEARCH ARTICLE - APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
Low‑porosity and low‑permeability reservoirs characterization using low‑frequency seismic attribute Jing Zeng1,2 · Handong Huang1,2 · Sanyi Yuan1,2 · Chunhua Wu3 Received: 16 March 2020 / Accepted: 11 August 2020 © Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences & Polish Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract The low-frequency seismic reflection is important for the characterization of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Previous research has proved that the frequency-dependent component of the low-frequency reflection coefficient is approximately proportional to the reservoir fluid mobility. A low-frequency seismic attribute is defined to extract an approximate measurement of reservoir fluid mobility from seismic reflection data. Based on the high-resolution time–frequency decomposition technology, we apply this seismic attribute to detect hydrocarbons in shale and igneous reservoirs with low porosity and low permeability. The application results illustrate that the low-frequency seismic attribute can not only indicate the spatial distribution of oil and gas, which can help design the optimal landing point and trajectory of directional drilling, but also be approximately proportional to the production of oil and gas, which can be used for resource evaluation during the early exploration stage. We also give a brief discussion on the working mechanism of the low-frequency seismic attribute. The present work may provide some references for the subsequent exploration and research of reservoirs with low porosity and low permeability. Keywords Low-frequency seismic attribute · Fluid mobility · Shale reservoir · Igneous reservoir
Introduction The history of the world petroleum industry shows that seismic-based technology is an effective means to detect hydrocarbon reservoirs. The bright-spot recognition of hydrocarbons based on seismic reflection data was widely applied during the 1970s (White 1977). Shortly after, threedimensional (3D) seismic data were mainly used for the interpretation of structural traps. With the development of petroleum exploration, conventional reservoirs with good physical conditions are getting less, and reservoir evaluation for low-porosity and low-permeability reservoir has already entered the vision of exploration workers (Zhang et al. 2014; * Handong Huang [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, People’s Republic of China
2
College of Geophysics, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, People’s Republic of China
3
Fourth Oil Production Plant of Huabei Oilfield, CNPC, Renqiu 062550, People’s Republic of China
Han et al. 2016; Xi et al. 2018). Due to the complexity and heterogeneity of pore structure, simple structural traps interpretation is not enough for the hydrocarbon reservoirs with low porosity and low permeability. Subsequently, seismic attribute technology is proposed to detect these reservoirs. Qualitative seismic amplitude or frequen
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