Machinability of damage-tolerant titanium alloy in orthogonal turn-milling
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Tao SUN, Lufang QIN, Junming HOU, Yucan FU
Machinability of damage-tolerant titanium alloy in orthogonal turn-milling
© Higher Education Press 2020
Abstract The damage-tolerant titanium alloy TC21 is used extensively in important parts of advanced aircraft because of its high strength and durability. However, cutting TC21 entails problems, such as high cutting temperature, high tool tip stress, rapid tool wear, and difficulty guaranteeing processing quality. Orthogonal turn-milling can be used to solve these problems. In this study, the machinability of TC21 in orthogonal turnmilling is investigated experimentally to optimize the cutting parameters of orthogonal turn-milling and improve the machining efficiency, tool life, and machining quality of TC21. The mechanism of the effect of turn-milling parameters on tool life is discussed, the relationship between each parameter and tool life is analyzed, and the failure process of a TiAlN-coated tool in turn-milling is explored. Experiments are conducted on the integrity of the machined surface (surface roughness, metallographic structure, and work hardening) by turn-milling, and how the parameters influence such integrity is analyzed. Then, reasonable cutting parameters for TC21 in orthogonal turnmilling are recommended. This study provides strong guidance for exploring the machinability of difficult-tocut-materials in orthogonal turn-milling and improves the applicability of orthogonal turn-milling for such materials. Keywords orthogonal turn-milling, damage-tolerant titanium alloy, tool life and failure, machined surface integrity, machinability Received October 11, 2019; accepted January 6, 2020
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Tao SUN ( ), Lufang QIN Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Large Engineering Equipment Detection and Control, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221111, China E-mail: [email protected] Junming HOU Industrial Center, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China Yucan FU College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
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Introduction
As a damage-tolerant titanium alloy, TC21 has better mechanical and technical properties than medium-strength titanium alloys TC4 and TA15; TC21 has high strength, high toughness, high damage tolerance, good fatigue performance, simple heat-treatment process, good forgeability, and excellent welding performance [1–3]. Thus, TC21 is used extensively in the important parts of advanced aircraft that require high strength and durability, such as the middle and back fuselage, wings, and undercarriage. However, the machinability of TC21 must be improved before this alloy can be used widely in other aerospace applications, but only a few studies have been conducted on the machinability of TC21 thus far. Using the same tool and cutting parameters, Shi et al. [4,5] experimentally showed that the tool life of milling TC21 is around a third of that of milling TC4. Sun et al. [1,6] studied the machinability of turning and plunge-milling TC21; they found t
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