Machine learning based approaches for detecting COVID-19 using clinical text data
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Machine learning based approaches for detecting COVID-19 using clinical text data Akib Mohi Ud Din Khanday1 • Syed Tanzeel Rabani1 • Qamar Rayees Khan1 Nusrat Rouf1 • Masarat Mohi Ud Din2
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Received: 18 April 2020 / Accepted: 22 June 2020 Ó Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management 2020
Abstract Technology advancements have a rapid effect on every field of life, be it medical field or any other field. Artificial intelligence has shown the promising results in health care through its decision making by analysing the data. COVID-19 has affected more than 100 countries in a matter of no time. People all over the world are vulnerable to its consequences in future. It is imperative to develop a control system that will detect the coronavirus. One of the solution to control the current havoc can be the diagnosis of disease with the help of various AI tools. In this paper, we classified textual clinical reports into four classes by using classical and ensemble machine learning algorithms. Feature engineering was performed using techniques like Term frequency/inverse document frequency (TF/IDF), Bag of words (BOW) and report length. These features were supplied to traditional and ensemble machine learning classifiers. Logistic regression and Multinomial Naı¨ve Bayes showed better results than other ML algorithms by having 96.2% testing accuracy. In future recurrent neural network can be used for better accuracy. Keywords Artificial intelligence COVID-19 Imperative Machine learning Ensemble
& Akib Mohi Ud Din Khanday [email protected] 1
Department of Computer Sciences, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India
2
Government Medical College, Srinagar 190010, Jammu and Kashmir, India
1 Introduction In December 2019, the novel coronavirus appeared in the Wuhan city of China [1] and was reported to the World Health Organization (W.H.O) on 31st December 2019. The virus created a global threat and was named as COVID-19 by W.H.O on 11th February 2020 [1]. The COVID-19 is the family of viruses including SARS, ARDS. W.H.O declared this outbreak as a public health emergency [2] and mentioned the following; the virus is being transmitted via the respiratory tract when a healthy person comes in contact with the infected person. The virus may transmit between persons through other roots which are currently unclear. The infected person shows symptoms within 2–14 days, depending on the incubation period of the middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS), and the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). According to W.H.O the signs and symptoms of mild to moderate cases are dry cough, fatigue and fever while as in severe cases dyspnea (shortness of breath), Fever and tiredness may occur [3, 4]. The persons having other diseases like asthma, diabetes, and heart disease are more vulnerable to the virus and may become severely ill. The person is diagnoses based on symptoms and his travel history. Vital signs are being observed keenly of the c
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