Marine Robotics Competitions: a Survey
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UNDERWATER ROBOTICS (G ANTONELLI, SECTION EDITOR)
Marine Robotics Competitions: a Survey Fausto Ferreira 1 & Gabriele Ferri 1
# Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review Starting from late 1990s, new marine robotics competitions have spread around the world. Today, the importance of competitions for both educational purposes and technological innovation is widely recognised by the community. In this paper, we present an overview of this kind of challenges, using the most representative events to describe common trends and unique aspects. Recent Findings Recently, competitions have been in a rapid evolution. Trends are the increasing popularity of Grand Challenges, the push for autonomous decision-making, the introduction of multi-domain cooperation and the birth of virtual competitions. More attention has been given to the scientific aspects, stressing the benchmarking/metrological perspective. Finally, forums and workshops are currently seen as a way to complement competitions and to create a community of interest. Summary Marine robotics competitions enable junior and expert teams to acquire experience in realistic environments. Virtual competitions can help in this aspect. They are useful for preparing team participation in the physical events, especially for open sea competitions. They allow teams to focus on advancing vehicle autonomy. Furthermore, they are important to widen the marine community attracting other robotics and AI experts. Keywords Marine robotics . AUVs . ASVs . ROVs . Multi-domain robotics . Educational robotics
Introduction In the last decades, robotics competitions around the world have played a considerable role in the education and formation of new generations of scientists and engineers [1–5]. Robotics competitions’ main objectives are to push the state of the art in specific topics of interest [1, 3, 4] and to be the perfect complement for students to academic classes [2]. Competitions offer the opportunity to put the skills learned on books in practice in realistic scenarios, challenging the soft skills of the teams of students such as managerial capabilities required
This article belongs to the Topical Collection on Underwater Robotics * Gabriele Ferri [email protected] Fausto Ferreira [email protected] 1
NATO Science and Technology Organization, Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation (CMRE), Viale San Bartolomeo 400, 19126 La Spezia, Italy
to organise the teamwork and to handle the robot preparation under stress conditions and in the short available time. For these reasons, robotics competitions are spreading geographically and in scope [6]. The marine field is not an exception to this rule. Since the inception of the first underwater robotics competition in the 1990s (RoboSub [7] held in Panama City, Florida and since 2002 in San Diego, California), others were born around the world, each one with different objectives and specificities. There are now marine robotics competitions covering surface vehicles and underwater vehi
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