Mathematical Undecidability, Quantum Nonlocality and the Question of the Existence of God

On January 22, 1990, the late John Bell held at CERN (European Laboratory for Particle Physics), Geneva a seminar organized by the Center of Quantum Philosophy, that at this time was an association of scientists interested in the interpretation of quantum

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MATHEMATICAL UNDECIDABILITY, QUANTUM NONLOCALITY AND THE QUESTION OF THE EXISTENCE OF GOD

Edited by ALFRED DRIESSEN Department of Applied Physics, University ofTwente, Enschede, the Netherlands

and ANTOINE SUAREZ The Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Geneva and Zurich, Switzerland

SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.

Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data MatheMatlcal undecldabl1lty, quantuN nonlocallty and the quest Ion of the exlstence of God I Alfred Drlessen, Antolne Suarez, editors. p.

cm.

Includes blbliographlcal references and Index. ISBN 978-94-010-6283-1 ISBN 978-94-011-5428-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-5428-4 1. PhYS1CS--Phl1osophy. 2. Mathe.atlcs--Phl1osophy. 3. Ouantu. theory. 4. Gud--PfQ~f, Ontologieai. I. Drlessen, Alfred. II. Suarez, Antolne. OC6.M357 1997 530' .01--dc20 96-36621

ISBN 978-94-010-6283-1

Printed on acid-free paper

All rights reserved

© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1997 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1997 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, inc1uding photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

A. DRIESSEN and A. SUAREZ / Preface A. DRIESSEN and A. SUAREZ / Introduction

vii Xl

PART I: MATHEMATICS AND UNDECIDABILITY 1. H.-C. REICHEL / How can or should the recent developments in mathematics influence the philosophy of mathematics?

3

2. G.J. CHAITIN / Number and randomness: algorithmic information theory - new results on the foundations of mathematics

15

3. E CACACE / Meaning, reality and algorithms: implications of the Turing theorem

27

4. A. SUAREZ / The limits of mathematical reasoning: in arithmetic there will always be unsolved solvable problems

41

5. J.M. SCHINS / Mathematics: a pointer to an independent reality. Penrose's interpretation a/the Godel and Turing theorems

49

PART II: PHYSICS AND NONLOCALITY 6. ET. ARECCHI / A critical approach to complexity and self organization

59

7. J.S. BELL / Indeterminism and nonlocality

83

8. P. PLISKA / Nonlocality and the principle of free experimentation

101

9. A.M. FOX / Optical tests of Bell's theorem

121

v

vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

10. A. SUAREZ / Nonlocal phenomena: physical explanation and philosophical implications

143

11. J .M. SCHINS / Quantum theory: a pointer to an independent reality. A discussion of Bernard d' Espagnat' s

"veiled reality"

173

PART III: SCIENCE, META-SCIENCE AND THE EXISTENCE OF GOD 12. J. LAEUFFER / Scientism and scientific knowledge of things and God

185

13. P. DAVIES / Physics and the mind of God

193

14. A. DRIESSEN / The question of the existence of God in the book of Stephen Hawking: A brief history of time

203

15. A. DRIESSEN and A. SUAREZ / Final remarks: becoming aware of our fundamental limits in knowing and doing, implications for the question of