Measurements of Statistical Moments of Sea Surface Slope Based on Satellite Sounding Data

The roughness of the water-air interface determines any process in which electromagnetic waves interact with the sea surface, it affects the intensity of the atmosphere-ocean exchange processes. The main parameters that characterize the roughness are the

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Alexander Zapevalov Konstantin Pokazeev Tatiana Chaplina

Simulation of the Sea Surface for Remote Sensing

Springer Oceanography

The Springer Oceanography series seeks to publish a broad portfolio of scientific books, aiming at researchers, students, and everyone interested in marine sciences. The series includes peer-reviewed monographs, edited volumes, textbooks, and conference proceedings. It covers the entire area of oceanography including, but not limited to, Coastal Sciences, Biological/Chemical/Geological/Physical Oceanography, Paleoceanography, and related subjects.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10175

Alexander Zapevalov Konstantin Pokazeev Tatiana Chaplina •



Simulation of the Sea Surface for Remote Sensing

123

Alexander Zapevalov Marine Hydrophysical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences Sevastopol, Russia

Konstantin Pokazeev Faculty of Physics M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow, Russia

Tatiana Chaplina Institute for Problems in Mechanics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, Russia

ISSN 2365-7677 ISSN 2365-7685 (electronic) Springer Oceanography ISBN 978-3-030-58751-2 ISBN 978-3-030-58752-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58752-9 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Introduction

In the twenty-first century, the life of mankind is unthinkable without the widespread use of satellite methods, tools, and technologies both in the field of science and technology, and in everyday life. In the field of earth sciences, their use has made it possible to move from episodic obser