Membranes of Palladium Alloys for Ultrapure Hydrogen Production
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RAL-PURPOSE MATERIALS
Membranes of Palladium Alloys for Ultrapure Hydrogen Production N. R. Roshana, *, S. V. Gorbunova, E. M. Chistova, F. R. Karelina, K. A. Kuterbekovb, K. Zh. Bekmyrzab, and E. T. Abseitovb aBaikov
Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia bGumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, 010008 Kazakhstan *e-mail: [email protected] Received February 17, 2019; revised April 2, 2019; accepted April 3, 2019
Abstract—The high-grade leak-tight foils 10–20 μm in thickness were obtained from effective alloys (wt %) Pd–6 In–0.5 Ru, Pd–6 Ru, and Pd–40 Cu by using advanced technology. For the Pd–40% wt Cu alloy, the foil with ordered β phase with the CsCl structure, exhibiting maximum hydrogen permeability in the Pd–Cu system, was formed by the combination of deformation and annealing conditions. The mechanical properties and hydrogen permeability of the obtained foil membranes as compared with the foils of 50 μm in thickness and also their performance for pure hydrogen at the membranes work in the commercially pure hydrogen medium were investigated. The concentration dilatation of the foils in hydrogen was investigated at various temperatures. Data on dilatation of palladium membrane alloys are of paramount importance to design of membrane filter elements and choice of their optimal usage conditions because these data determine the operational life of membrane. The Pd–6 wt % In–0.5 wt % Ru–1.25 wt % Co alloy with improved strength characteristics and lower temperature of α ↔ β hydride transition was developed on the basis of the Pd– 6 wt % In–0.5 wt % Ru alloy. Keywords: ultrapure hydrogen, palladium alloys, foil, membranes, hydrogen permeability, physicochemical properties, thermal concentration dilatation, performance DOI: 10.1134/S2075113320050287
INTRODUCTION The demand for superpure hydrogen for a number of uses, for example, for rocket and aeronautical engineering (liquid hydrogen); as fuel material for environmentally safe standalone stationary and relocatable fuel cell power plants, for overland transport, surface and submarine fleet, army mobile radio stations; in microand nanoelectronics, in metallurgy, chemical, and petrochemical industries, etc., can vary from several normal cubic meters per hour (Nm3/h) to 100000 Nm3/h. In the context of rapid progress of hydrogen energetics, taking into account the increasing usage rate of ultrapure hydrogen in the high technology sector for various branches of engineering, the problem on setting up effective, space effective, low-cost, reliable industrial-scale plants for its production is thrown into sharp relief. The only way for production of ultrapure hydrogen (≥99.9999 vol %) is its separation from hydrogen-containing gas mixtures as the result of its selective diffusion through the membranes of special palladium alloys. This purity of hydrogen is provided by continuity of the palladium membrane and its high selectivity 10 (Phydrogen ≥ Presidual gases ). The diffusion method of hydrogen recov
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