Methods for Deriving Pesticide Aquatic Life Criteria for Sediments
Sediments represent an integral component of aquatic ecosystems that provide habitat and food sources for aquatic life. Although many international and local governments have regulations in place to protect aquatic life, the majority of these are focused
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Contents 1 2
Introduction ........................................................................................................................ Summary of Major Sediment Quality Criteria Derivation Approaches............................. 2.1 Mechanistic Approach (Equilibrium Partitioning).................................................... 2.2 Empirical Approaches ............................................................................................... 2.3 Spiked-Sediment Toxicity Test Approach................................................................. 3 Definitions and Uses of Sediment Quality Criteria............................................................ 3.1 Numeric Criteria Versus Advisory Concentrations ................................................... 3.2 Definitions and Uses of Numeric Criteria ................................................................. 4 Protection and Confidence ................................................................................................. 4.1 Level of Biological Organization to Protect ............................................................. 4.2 Portion of Species to Protect ..................................................................................... 4.3 Probability of Over- and Under-protection ............................................................... 5 Data Required for Deriving Sediment Quality Criteria ..................................................... 5.1 Data Sources and Literature Searches ....................................................................... 5.2 Physicochemical Data ............................................................................................... 5.3 Ecotoxicity Data ........................................................................................................ 5.4 Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSARs) ........................................... 5.5 Data Combination and Exclusion ............................................................................. 6 Criteria Calculation ............................................................................................................ 6.1 Exposure Considerations........................................................................................... 6.2 Summary of Methodologies ...................................................................................... 6.3 Important Additional Considerations for SQC Derivation.......................................... 7 Summary ............................................................................................................................ References ................................................................................................................................
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T.L. Fojut (*) • M.E. Vasquez Department of Environmental Toxicology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8588, USA Cent
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