Microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Ni-Cr-Al steel wires produced by in-rotating-water spinning method
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I.
INTRODUCTION
PIANO wires and high carbon steel wires, which havebeen fabricated through many complicated processes such as patenting, cold drawing, and annealing, etc., are well known as commercial high-strength metallic materials. The high strength originates from the development of very fine fibrous structure of ferrite and cementite (M3C) as well as high resistance of the greatly work-hardened ferrite matrix against subsequent deformation. Recently, the meltquenching technique has been demonstrated 1-7 to produce useful materials exhibiting good mechanical properties as well as unique physical properties owing to a combination of various quenching effects such as the refinement of grain size, the extension of solid solubility limit of solute elements, the formation of an amorphous phase or a nonequilibrium crystalline phase, the suppression of segregation, and the introduction of a high density of internal faults. It appears to be very important from technological and engineering points of view to establish the method of directly fabricating a continuous wire with good shape and uniform size from the melt without any intermediate process. The in-rotating-water spinning method, 8 11 in which the melt is ejected through a small crucible orifice into rotating water, has been recently demonstrated to be very useful for the fabrication of continuous amorphous wires of technologically interesting iron-~2.~3 and cobalt -~4 based alloys. However, none can succeed in fabricating continuous wires with good ductility as well as good white luster in the conventional plain carbon steels and 18Cr-8Ni stainless steels A. INOUE, Research Associate, and T. MASUMOTO, Professor, are with The Research Institute for Iron, Steel and Other Metals, Tohoku University, Sendal 980, Japan. H. TOMIOKA is a Member of the Research Staff, Unitika Research and Development Center, Unitika Ltd., Uji 611, Japan. Manuscript submitted October 24, 1983. METALLURGICALTRANSACTIONS A
by the melt-quenching technique. The finding of appropriate alloy compositions as well as the establishment of fabricating conditions for the direct fabrication of the wires from the liquid has been strongly desired. The application of the in-rotating-water spinning method to Fe-Ni-Cr-AI-C and Fe-Mn-Cr-A1-C alloys was found to result in the formation of continuous wires exhibiting high strength and good ductility as well as good luster. The purpose of this paper is to present the fabricating conditions for the formation of long wires by melt quenching and their microstructure and mechanical properties.
II.
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
Fe-Ni-Cr-AI-C alloys with different compositions were pre-alloyed under an argon atmosphere in an induction furnace from pure metals and white cast iron. The composition range is from 0 to 15 at. pct Ni or A1, from 0 to 20 at. pct Cr, from 0 to 10 at. pct C. The weight of the mixture melted in one run was about 40 g and the melt was transferred into a quartz tube of about 6 mm inner diameter and solidified in the tube. The compositions of
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