Mobile Student Modeling
Student modeling is a subset of user modeling, where a student is a specific type of a user who handles a computer system. Focusing on mobile student modeling the student interaction is accomplished through mobile devices’ user interfaces. However, the mo
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Mobile Student Modeling
Abstract Student modeling is a subset of user modeling, where a student is a specific type of a user who handles a computer system. Focusing on mobile student modeling the student interaction is accomplished through mobile devices’ user interfaces. However, the model in its theoretic dimension remains the same. In this chapter the authors give a short presentation of the concepts of user models and user stereotypes. These concepts are used in the following chapters, in all resulting mobile educational systems in order to provide adaptation to the students’ personal profiles.
3.1 User Models From a computer’s perspective a ‘‘User Model’’ expresses the computer’s need to understand humans and store this information inside its architecture. In computer literature, user model is a term representing a set of personal data associated with a specific user. Usually, a user model contains personal information, such as user profile data. This kind of data is known as explicit information, because most of the times it is data provided by the user himself. However, more recent user models contain users’ preferences, habits and even more complicated data that derive from user stereotypes. Implicit information about a user may arise from simple stereotypic data, such as simple ‘‘if–then’’ logic rules. Additionally, more complex implicit information about a user may arise from quite complex processes, where artificial intelligence is used to make a computer ‘‘think’’ as a human. To this end, artificial intelligence algorithmic approaches include Neural Networks (Stathopoulou and Tsihrintzis 2007), Support Vector Machines (Lampropoulos et al. 2011) and most recently Artificial Immune Systems (Sotiropoulos and Tsihrintzis 2011). In each case, the main goal of constructing such models is providing adaptation and customization of computerized systems to each user’s specific needs and capabilities. In this sense, software becomes more efficient and operates in order to E. Alepis and M. Virvou, Object-Oriented User Interfaces for Personalized Mobile Learning, Intelligent Systems Reference Library 64, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-53851-3_3, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
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3 Mobile Student Modeling
Table 3.1 Categories of user models User model Description Static user models The first created user models where static, they could not change in time. These models are built in the beginning of human–computer interaction and are not expected to be updated Non-static user These models are dynamic and as a result represent more sophisticated models models than the basic static ones. Dynamic user models allow changes and updates in their structure depending on changes in human behavior Stereotypic user Stereotypic user models base their existence in statistics. General user models information is gathered, processed and classified in order to build groups of users. As a next step, each new user in a system is assigned to one of the existing groups. Then, as a plausible assumption, this user is expected to
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