Multiparametric flow analysis using four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging can detect cerebral hemodynamic imp
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DIAGNOSTIC NEURORADIOLOGY
Multiparametric flow analysis using four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging can detect cerebral hemodynamic impairment in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis Takahiro Ando 1 & Tetsuro Sekine 1 & Yasuo Murai 2 & Erika Orita 1 & Ryo Takagi 3 & Yasuo Amano 3 & Kotomi Iwata 1 & Masatoki Nakaza 1 & Masashi Ogawa 1 & Makoto Obara 4 & Shin-ichiro Kumita 1 Received: 14 March 2020 / Accepted: 21 May 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose MRI-based risk stratification should be established to identify patients with internal carotid artery stenosis (ICS) who require further PET or SPECT evaluation. This study assessed whether multiparametric flow analysis using time-resolved 3D phase-contrast (4D flow) MRI can detect cerebral hemodynamic impairment in patients with ICS. Methods This retrospective study analyzed 26 consecutive patients with unilateral ICS (21 men; mean age, 71 years) who underwent 4D flow MRI and acetazolamide-stress brain perfusion SPECT. Collateral flow via the Willis ring was visually evaluated. Temporal mean flow volume rate (Net), pulsatile flow volume (ΔV), and pulsatility index (PI) at the middle cerebral artery were measured. Cerebral vascular reserve (CVR) was calculated from the SPECT dataset. Patients were assigned to the misery perfusion group if the CVR was < 10% and to the nonmisery perfusion group if the CVR was ≥ 10%. Parameters showing a significant difference in both groups were statistically evaluated. Results Affected side ΔV, ratio of affected to contralateral side Net (rNet), and ratio of affected to contralateral side ΔV were significantly correlated to CVR (p = 0.030, p = 0.010, p = 0.015, respectively). Absence of retrograde flow at the posterior communicating artery was observed in the misery perfusion group (p = 0.020). Combined cut-off values of the affected side ΔV (0.18 ml) and rNet (0.64) showed a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 77.8%, respectively. Conclusion Multiparametric flow analysis using 4D flow MRI can detect misery perfusion by comprehensively assessing blood flow data, including blood flow volume, pulsation, and collateral flow. Keywords Blood flow . Internal carotid artery stenosis . Time-resolved 3D phase contrast . Magnetic resonance imaging . Misery perfusion . Pulsatile flow
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-020-02464-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Takahiro Ando [email protected] 1
Department of Radiology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
2
Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
3
Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 1-6 Surugadai, Kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8309, Japan
4
Philips Electronics Japan Healthcare, 2-13-37 Kounan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8507, Japan
In patients with internal carotid artery (IC
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