NDSP 05: Prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia in urban and rural areas of Pakistan; a sub analysis from second Nationa
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
NDSP 05: Prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia in urban and rural areas of Pakistan; a sub analysis from second National Diabetes Survey of Pakistan (NDSP) 2016–2017 Abdul Basit 1 & Sobia Sabir 2 & Musarrat Riaz 1 & Asher Fawwad 3,4 & NDSP members Mujeeb Ur Rehman Abro, Khawaja Ishfaq Ahmed, Khurshid Ahmed, Ahmed Bilal, Anam Butt, Bikha Ram Devrajani, Ijaz Hayder, Yasir Humayun, Rabia Irshad, Riasat Ali Khan, Asima Khan, Aamir Akram Khowaja, Raheela Khowaja, Qazi Masroor, Maqsood Mehmood, Hassan Moin, Nida Mustafa, Wasif Noor, Huma Qureshi, Ibrar Rafique, Tahir Rasool, Rubina Sabir, M. Arif N. Saqib, Pir Alam Said, Abrar Shaikh, AS Shera, Bilal Tahir, Bilal Bin Younus, Salma Tanveer, Jamal Zafar
Received: 4 January 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Objectives Dyslipidemia is a major risk issue for the development of cardiovascular disease. The aim of our study was to observe the pattern and prevalence of dyslipidemia in Pakistani population. Methodology This is a sub analysis of a population based second National Diabetes Survey of Pakistan (NDSP) 2016–2017 in adults aged 20 years or above, carried out from February 2016 to August 2017 across Pakistan. Multi stage sampling technique was used for the stratification of population, based on rural and urban domains. District wise clusters and sub clusters were selected i.e. 27 and 46 in number. Subjects, consented to participate were requested to come after an overnight fast for anthropometric measurements, oral glucose tolerance test and fasting lipid profile (except for subjects with self-reported diabetes). Dyslipidemia was identified using Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Results A total of 10,834 subjects (43.8% male and 56.2% female) having mean age of 43.8 ± 14.0 years, participated in the survey. Of the subjects studied, 39.3% had hypercholesterolemia, 48.9% had hypertriglyceridemia, 39.7% had high LDL-C levels while 83.9% men and 90% women had low HDL levels. High cholesterol and triglyceride levels were highest in 50–59 years age group, while high LDL and low HDL was most common in 40–49 years age group. Diabetes, obesity and hypertension were found to be the significant determinants for dyslipidemia. Conclusion Prevalence of dyslipidemia seems to be very high in Pakistan, necessitating an urgent call for early screening and effective management through lifestyle intervention and appropriate lipid lowering drugs to prevent this important cardiovascular risk factor.
* Abdul Basit [email protected]; [email protected]
1
Department of Medicine Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
* Sobia Sabir [email protected]
2
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
3
Department of Biochemistry, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
4
Department of Research Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
Musarrat Riaz drmusarratriaz@
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