Non-invasive investigations on Mesoamerican codices: the MOLAB approach
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NON-DESTRUCTIVE TECHNIQUES FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE
Non‑invasive investigations on Mesoamerican codices: the MOLAB approach D. Domenici1 · B. G. Brunetti2,3,4 · C. Miliani5 · A. Sgamellotti6 Received: 3 January 2020 / Accepted: 30 May 2020 © Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei 2020
Abstract The article illustrates the MOLAB research project devoted to the non-invasive investigation of pre-Hispanic and colonial Mesoamerican manuscripts. In the present paper, we provide a description of the project and its aims, listing the artworks so far investigated and describing analytical techniques we employed. A presentation of the data obtained by the scientific analyses is then followed by a description of the main cultural and historical interpretive venues that can be pursued through a strongly interdisciplinary approach such as the one adopted by the MOLAB. Keywords Non-invasive investigations · Mesoamerica · Pictorial manuscripts · Colour
1 Introduction: the MOLAB project on Mesoamerican manuscripts A research project aimed at the chemical characterization of the painting materials employed to create pictorial manuscripts in pre-Hispanic and colonial Mesoamerica has been carried out since 2009. Based on a set of analytical techniques provided by the MOLAB Mobile Laboratory, a European infrastructure of the Centre for Excellence Scientific Methodologies Applied to Archaeology and Art of This contribution is a peer-reviewed version of a paper presented at the international meeting of the Non Destructive Techniques on Cultural Heritage (NDT-CH 2018) held October 12, 2018 in Buenos Aires ( Argentina). * A. Sgamellotti [email protected] 1
Dipartimento di Storia Culture Civiltà, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
2
Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
3
Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Florence, Italy
4
Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Rome, Italy
5
Istituto di Scienze del Patrimonio Culturale (ISPC), Naples, Italy
6
Accademia dei Lincei, Rome, Italy
University of Perugia and CNR–ISTM (Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari), the research project had the opportunity to analyse the largest group of pre-Hispanic Mesoamerican manuscripts so far investigated. The MOLAB transnational accesses were carried out within the framework of the European projects Eu-ARTECH (2006–2009), CHARISMA (2009–2014) and IPERION-CH (2014). Thanks to the opportunities provided by such projects, the MOLAB had access to manuscripts held in several European institutions: Biblioteca Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (Codex Cospi), Museo de América, Madrid (codices TroCortesiano, Tudela), British Museum, London (Codex Nuttall), World Museum, Liverpool (Codex Fejérváry-Mayer), Bodleian Libraries, Oxford (codices Laud, Bodley, Selden, Selden Roll, Mendoza), Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Rome (codices Borgia, Vaticanus B, Vaticanus A). Having investigated a so
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