Novel lithium selective composite membranes: synthesis, characterization and validation tests in dialysis
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Novel lithium selective composite membranes: synthesis, characterization and validation tests in dialysis T. Ounissi1, L. Dammak2, C. Larchet2, J.-F. Fauvarque2, and E. Selmane Bel Hadj Hmida1,*
1
Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique & Électrochimie, Département de Chimie, Faculté Des Sciences de Tunis Campus Universitaire, Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie 2 Institut de Chimie Et Des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), UMR 7182 CNRS, Université Paris-Est, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
Received: 12 March 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 21 August 2020
With the general growing demand for Lithium compounds, notably for use in Lithium ion batteries, the selective extraction of this metal from various different sources is generating a lot of attention. A number of different methods have been used to recover and/or separate this element, often involving membranes technologies. In an attempt to overcome issues raised by the high rigidity of ceramic membranes and the poor selectivity performance of polymer membranes, we have tried to combine the Li selectivity of Lithium Ion Conducting Glass Ceramic (LICGC) and the flexibility of polymers. We are therefore proposing new malleable composite membranes made using a blending technique where the LICGC powder is incorporated into a flexible copolymerized anion-exchange membrane. We have attempted to demonstrate the homogeneity of the inorganic particle dispersion in the six prepared Lithium Composite Membranes (LCMs) as well as their thermal stability and mechanical properties. We have also investigated the effects of membrane composition on the physicochemical characteristics (water sorption, contact angle and conductivity) of the membranes. The selectivity of these LCMs for Li? was tested under dialysis conditions using Na? and K? as the competitive cations, and the results were compared to those obtained with control membranes containing no LICGC particles. For the best membrane LCM5, the Li?/Na? selectivity coefficient reaches 376 when using only Na? as competitive ion. Whilst, when using both Na? and K?, this selectivity (Li?/Na?) decrease to 278 and the Li?/K? selectivity coefficient is found to be 364.
Published online: 8 September 2020
Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Handling Editor: Christopher Blanford.
Address correspondence to E-mail: [email protected]
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05147-8
16112
J Mater Sci (2020) 55:16111–16128
GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
Introduction Lithium, one of the Earth’s rarer elements, is fast becoming a valuable and much sought after commodity [1]. Indeed, thanks to a high electrochemical potential and very high energy density by weight [2], this metal is used extensively in rechargeable lithiumion batteries (LIBs), this application accounted for more than 56% of the Li global end-use market in 2018 [3]. In addition to LIBs, it is often used in other fields including glass and ceramics, lubricating greases and polymer production [4]. The main natural sources of lithium are Li minerals (spodumene
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